{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:31:28Z","timestamp":1789849888421,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We reviewed the literature on standard case management (SCM), intensive case management (ICM), assertive community treatment (ACT), and critical time intervention (CTI) for homeless adults. We searched databases for peer-reviewed English articles published from 1985 to 2011 and found 21 randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies comparing case management to other services. <\/jats:p><jats:p> We found little evidence for the effectiveness of ICM. SCM improved housing stability, reduced substance use, and removed employment barriers for substance users. ACT improved housing stability and was cost-effective for mentally ill and dually diagnosed persons. CTI showed promise for housing, psychopathology, and substance use and was cost-effective for mentally ill persons. <\/jats:p><jats:p> More research is needed on how case management can most effectively support rapid-rehousing approaches to homelessness. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2013.301491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T03:27:36Z","timestamp":1376623656000},"page":"e13-e26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Effectiveness of Case Management for Homeless Persons: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Ren\u00e9e","family":"de Vet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Ren\u00e9e de Vet, Maurice J.\u2009A. van Luijtelaar, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater, Mari\u00eblle D. Beijersbergen, and Judith R.\u2009L.\u2009M. Wolf were with the Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands. Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater is with the Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Wouter Vanderplasschen is with the Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurice J.\u2009A.","family":"van Luijtelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Ren\u00e9e de Vet, Maurice J.\u2009A. van Luijtelaar, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater, Mari\u00eblle D. Beijersbergen, and Judith R.\u2009L.\u2009M. Wolf were with the Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands. Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater is with the Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Wouter Vanderplasschen is with the Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja N.","family":"Brilleslijper-Kater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Ren\u00e9e de Vet, Maurice J.\u2009A. van Luijtelaar, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater, Mari\u00eblle D. Beijersbergen, and Judith R.\u2009L.\u2009M. Wolf were with the Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands. Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater is with the Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Wouter Vanderplasschen is with the Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter","family":"Vanderplasschen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Ren\u00e9e de Vet, Maurice J.\u2009A. van Luijtelaar, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater, Mari\u00eblle D. Beijersbergen, and Judith R.\u2009L.\u2009M. Wolf were with the Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands. Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater is with the Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Wouter Vanderplasschen is with the Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00eblle D.","family":"Beijersbergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time of the study, Ren\u00e9e de Vet, Maurice J.\u2009A. van Luijtelaar, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater, Mari\u00eblle D. Beijersbergen, and Judith R.\u2009L.\u2009M. Wolf were with the Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands. Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater is with the Child Abuse and Neglect Team, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 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