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Researchers in this area face significant methodological difficulties; most of the studies in our review were ecological or observational and lacked control groups or adjustment for confounding factors; thus, causal inferences are difficult.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Preventing additional opioid-related mortality will likely require interventions that address multiple determinants and are tailored to specific locations and populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2014.301966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T20:17:23Z","timestamp":1402604243000},"page":"e32-e42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":229,"title":["Determinants of Increased Opioid-Related Mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990\u20132013: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Nicholas B.","family":"King","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicholas B. 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