{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T03:42:03Z","timestamp":1781754123191,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"S3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We examined HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of 282 trans*female youths aged 16 to 24 years participating in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, SHINE study from 2012 to 2013 to determine differences between racial\/ethnic minority and White youths. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We conducted the \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test to determine distributional differences between racial\/ethnic minority and White participants in sociodemographic factors, HIV-related risk behaviors, and syndemic factors. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Of the trans*female youths, 4.8% were HIV positive. Racial\/ethnic minority and White trans*female youths differed significantly in gender identity and sexual orientation. Racial\/ethnic minority youths also had significantly lower educational attainment, were less likely to have lived with their parents of origin as a child, and were significantly more likely to engage in recent condomless anal intercourse than were Whites. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Efforts to assess the impact of multiple-minority stress on racial\/minority trans*female youths are needed imminently, and prevention efforts must address macrolevel disparities for trans*female youths, especially those from racial\/ethnic minority groups, to reduce these disparities and prevent incident cases of HIV. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2014.302443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]],"date-time":"2015-04-23T20:08:59Z","timestamp":1429819739000},"page":"e41-e47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Differential HIV Risk for Racial\/Ethnic Minority Trans*female Youths and Socioeconomic Disparities in Housing, Residential Stability, and Education"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Erin C.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All of the authors are with the San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yea-Hung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All of the authors are with the San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Arayasirikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All of the authors are with the San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marla","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All of the authors are with the San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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