{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T11:50:45Z","timestamp":1787226645797,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To demonstrate an information technology\u2013based approach to assess characteristics of streets and intersections associated with injuries that is less costly and time-consuming than location-based studies of pedestrian injury. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We used imagery captured by Google Street View from 2007 to 2011 to assess 9 characteristics of 532 intersections within New York City. We controlled for estimated pedestrian count and estimated the relation between intersections\u2019 characteristics and frequency of injurious collisions. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. The count of pedestrian injuries at intersections was associated with the presence of marked crosswalks (80% increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20092%, 218%), pedestrian signals (156% increase; 95% CI\u2009=\u200969%, 259%), nearby billboards (42% increase; 95% CI\u2009=\u20097%, 90%), and bus stops (120% increase; 95% CI\u2009=\u200951%, 220%). Injury incidence per pedestrian was lower at intersections with higher estimated pedestrian volumes. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Consistent with in-person study observations, the information-technology approach found traffic islands, visual advertising, bus stops, and crosswalk infrastructures to be associated with elevated counts of pedestrian injury in New York City. Virtual site visits for pedestrian injury control studies are a viable and informative methodology. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2015.302978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T21:07:10Z","timestamp":1453410430000},"page":"462-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Use of Google Street View to Assess Environmental Contributions to Pedestrian Injury"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Mooney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"DiMaggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina S.","family":"Lovasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn M.","family":"Neckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.\u2009M.","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien O.","family":"Teitler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darby W.","family":"Jack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Rundle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephen J. Mooney, Charles J. DiMaggio, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel M. Sheehan, and Andrew G. Rundle are with Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Kathryn M. Neckerman is with Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University. Michael D.\u2009M. Bader is with Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC. Julien O. Teitler is with School of Social Work, Columbia University. Darby W. Jack is with Department of Environmental Health..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2013.09.019"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib3","first-page":"810","volume":"64","author":"Retting RA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bull N Y Acad Med"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm064"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2007.00370.x"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2007.06.004"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301868"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000222"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxr021"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.9.1456"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.4.646"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2182"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-103"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2012.02565.x"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.09.029"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.09.034"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-010-9505-x"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu180"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2014.10.012"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.09.017"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00498-1"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.06.018"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2013.05.012"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jphp.2008.47"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.03.004"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.021"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.018"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.374"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026256"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.11.005"},{"key":"bib34","volume-title":"Accident Prediction Models and Road Safety Impact Assessment: Recommendations for Using These Tools","author":"Eenink R","year":"2008"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.08.010"},{"key":"bib36","author":"Elvik R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(94)90038-8"},{"key":"bib40","volume-title":"Applied Spatial Data Analysis With R","author":"Bivand RS","year":"2008"},{"key":"bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2010.170"},{"key":"bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.04.009"},{"key":"bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.17.2136"},{"key":"bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/1773-07"},{"key":"bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2002-07"},{"key":"bib48","first-page":"119","volume":"1502","author":"Tidwell JE","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2009.05.004"},{"key":"bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00062-8"},{"key":"bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.005"},{"key":"bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/udi.2013.2"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib54","first-page":"10","volume":"29","author":"Evans L","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Traffic Med"},{"key":"bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(99)00100-1"},{"key":"bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300762"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:11:34Z","timestamp":1652141494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302978"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302978"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2015.302978","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}}}