{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:02:50Z","timestamp":1781596970135,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To examine sex and racial\/ethnic differences in the prevalence of 9 substance-use disorders (SUDs)\u2014alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogen or PCP, opiate, amphetamine, inhalant, sedative, and unspecified drug\u2014 in youths during the 12 years after detention. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We used data from the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a prospective longitudinal study of 1829 youths randomly sampled from detention in Chicago, Illinois, starting in 1995 and reinterviewed up to 9 times in the community or correctional facilities through 2011. Independent interviewers assessed SUDs with Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children 2.3 (baseline) and Diagnostic Interview Schedule version IV (follow-ups). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. By median age 28 years, 91.3% of males and 78.5% of females had ever had an SUD. At most follow-ups, males had greater odds of alcohol- and marijuana-use disorders. Drug-use disorders were most prevalent among non-Hispanic Whites, followed by Hispanics, then African Americans (e.g., compared with African Americans, non-Hispanic Whites had 32.1 times the odds of cocaine-use disorder [95% confidence interval\u2009=\u200913.8, 74.7]). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. After detention, SUDs differed markedly by sex, race\/ethnicity, and substance abused, and, contrary to stereotypes, did not disproportionately affect African Americans. Services to treat substance abuse\u2014during incarceration and after release\u2014would reach many people in need, and address health disparities in a highly vulnerable population. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2015.303032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,17]],"date-time":"2016-03-17T19:57:05Z","timestamp":1458244625000},"page":"872-880","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Health Disparities in Drug- and Alcohol-Use Disorders: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study of Youths After Detention"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Leah J.","family":"Welty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna J.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Abram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nichole D.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Aaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen P.","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. Washburn is with Department of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason J.","family":"Washburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda A. Teplin, Anna J. Harrison, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, David A. Aaby, and Kathleen P. McCoy are with Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. Leah J. Welty is with Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Disparities and Public Policy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Jason J. 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