{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:41:54Z","timestamp":1791214914606,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. To describe trends in rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) encounters among American Indian\/Alaska Native (AI\/AN) women aged 15 to 44 years in the United States receiving care within the Indian Health Service (IHS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods. We analyzed IHS discharge data sets for PID encounters during 2001 to 2015 with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, diagnosis codes. We calculated rates of PID encounters per 100\u2009000 women overall and stratified by age group, region, and health care setting. We used regression to identify trends in the total, annual, and average annual percent changes in the rate of PID encounters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. There were 44\u2009042 PID encounters during 2001 to 2015 (rate\u2009=\u2009825 per 100\u2009000). The highest rates were among women aged 20 to 24 years (1104) and from the Alaska region (1556). Rates significantly decreased overall (2001: 1084; 2015: 512; P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and within all age groups and health care settings. There was variability in Alaska, with large increases during 2001 to 2010 followed by large decreases during 2010 to 2015.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. We observed decreasing trends in PID encounters among AI\/AN women aged 15 to 44 years during 2001 to 2015, with the exception of increases in the Alaska region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2018.304676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T15:57:52Z","timestamp":1537891072000},"page":"1558-1565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Trends in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Among American Indian and Alaska Native Women, Indian Health Service, 2001\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Andria","family":"Apostolou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Andria Apostolou is with the Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, Indian Health Service, Rockville, MD, and is also with SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle, NC. Christina Chapman and Marissa Person are with the Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Kristen Kreisel is with Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andria Apostolou is with the Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, Indian Health Service, Rockville, MD, and is also with SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle, NC. Christina Chapman and Marissa Person are with the Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Kristen Kreisel is with Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marissa","family":"Person","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andria Apostolou is with the Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, Indian Health Service, Rockville, MD, and is also with SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle, NC. Christina Chapman and Marissa Person are with the Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Kristen Kreisel is with Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Kreisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andria Apostolou is with the Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, Indian Health Service, Rockville, MD, and is also with SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle, NC. Christina Chapman and Marissa Person are with the Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Kristen Kreisel is with Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"McCollum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andria Apostolou is with the Division of Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, Indian Health Service, Rockville, MD, and is also with SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle, NC. Christina Chapman and Marissa Person are with the Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Kristen Kreisel is with Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"bib1","first-page":"783","volume-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases","author":"Westrom L","year":"2008","edition":"4"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199207000-00001"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652395"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c1642"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605233342103"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1981"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6603a3"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000175375.60973.cb"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181bf576f"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.10.010"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318285ce46"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-014-9961-4"},{"key":"bib14","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2016","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2017"},{"key":"bib15","volume-title":"Indian Health Surveillance report\u2014sexually transmitted diseases 2011","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Indian Health Service","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.12.1137"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.929"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0420"},{"key":"bib24","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification","year":"1980"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/428351"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.02.008"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.03.016"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib29","first-page":"179","volume":"61","author":"Kristensen GB","year":"1985","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-198107000-00005"},{"key":"bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197507242930403"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)91093-5"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000175193.37531.6e"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304676","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T19:58:43Z","timestamp":1652126323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304676"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304676"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2018.304676","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}}}