{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:23:02Z","timestamp":1790392982956,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To characterize prescription opioid medical users and misusers among US adults. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We used the 2016\u20132017 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health to compare medical prescription opioid users with misusers without prescriptions, misusers of own prescriptions, and misusers with both types of misuse. Multinomial logistic regressions identified substance use characteristics and mental and physical health characteristics that distinguished the groups. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Among prescription opioid users, 12% were misusers; 58% of misusers misused their own prescriptions. Misusers had higher rates of substance use than did medical users. Compared with with-prescription-only misusers, without-and-with-prescription misusers and without-prescription-only misusers had higher rates of marijuana use and benzodiazepine misuse; without-and-with-prescription misusers had higher rates of heroin use. Compared with without-prescription-only misusers, without-and-with-prescription and with-prescription-only misusers had higher rates of prescription opioid use disorder. Most misusers, especially with-prescription-only misusers, used prescription opioids to relieve pain. Misusers were more likely to be depressed than medical users. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Prescription opioid misusers who misused both their own prescriptions and prescription opioid drugs not prescribed to them may be most at risk for overdose. Prescription opioid misuse is a polysubstance use problem. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2019.305162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T20:00:18Z","timestamp":1563480018000},"page":"1258-1265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Medical Use and Misuse of Prescription Opioids in the US Adult Population: 2016\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Pamela C.","family":"Griesler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamela C. Griesler, Mei-Chen Hu, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Pamela C. Griesler, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are also with the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei-Chen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamela C. Griesler, Mei-Chen Hu, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Pamela C. Griesler, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are also with the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie M.","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamela C. Griesler, Mei-Chen Hu, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Pamela C. Griesler, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are also with the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise B.","family":"Kandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pamela C. Griesler, Mei-Chen Hu, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Pamela C. Griesler, Melanie M. Wall, and Denise B. Kandel are also with the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6626a4"},{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S129553"},{"key":"bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.11859"},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.024"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm675152e1"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304265"},{"key":"bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.047"},{"key":"bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027244"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000151","volume":"9","author":"Ries R","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.12809"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201500245"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0865"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.0558"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31203-0"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000337"},{"key":"bib17","volume-title":"National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib18","volume-title":"National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Public Use File Codebook","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2017"},{"key":"bib19","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1462220042000202481"},{"key":"bib21","volume-title":"National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Final Approved CAI Specifications for Programming (English Version)","author":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.005"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6501e1"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.01.019"},{"key":"bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000650"},{"key":"bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000730"},{"key":"bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000603","volume":"34","author":"Sullivan M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j5790"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000431"},{"key":"bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17070808"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib31","first-page":"85","volume":"17","author":"Dasgupta N","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2225-z"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.370"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190013515001"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.004"},{"key":"bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.03.040"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2698"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:09:32Z","timestamp":1652141372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2019.305162","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}}}