{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:15:22Z","timestamp":1792077322784,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"S1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. To assess the association between exposure to the US criminal legal system and well-being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods. We used data from the 2018 Family History of Incarceration Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of family incarceration experience (n\u2009=\u20092815), which includes measures of participants\u2019 own criminal legal system exposure, including police stops, arrests, and incarceration. We measured well-being across 5 domains\u2014physical, mental, social, spiritual, and overall life evaluation\u2014and analyzed trends in well-being by criminal legal system exposure using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. Exposure to police stops, arrests, and incarceration were each associated with lower well-being in every domain compared with those not exposed. Longer durations of incarceration and multiple incarcerations were associated with progressively lower well-being. Those who were stopped and frisked by the police had low well-being similar to that of those who had been incarcerated multiple times.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. Any exposure to police contact or incarceration is associated with lower well-being in every domain. More involved exposure is associated with even lower well-being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Public Health Implications. Jail diversion and broader criminal justice reform may improve population-level well-being by reducing police contact and incarceration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2019.305414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T16:02:31Z","timestamp":1579708951000},"page":"S116-S122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Exposure to the US Criminal Legal System and Well-Being: A 2018 Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Ram","family":"Sundaresh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Christopher Wildeman is with the Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngmin","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Christopher Wildeman is with the Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brita","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Christopher Wildeman is with the Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carley","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Christopher Wildeman is with the Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Wildeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Christopher Wildeman is with the Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram Sundaresh is a medical student at the Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Youngmin Yi is a PhD candidate in the Department of Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Brita Roy and Emily A. Wang are with the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine. Carley Riley is with the Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. 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