{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:54:35Z","timestamp":1783036475977,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To investigate the prevalence, pattern, and socioeconomic risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) before and 6 months after the pandemic onset among a cohort of Iranian women. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We conducted a population-based IPV survey among 2502 partnered Iranian women aged 18 to 60 years before (n\u2009=\u20092502) and 6 months after (n=2116) the pandemic\u2019s onset. We estimated prevalence and incidence of psychological, physical, and sexual IPV, and the odds of different forms of IPV associated with main exposure variables, adjusted for participant relationship factors. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Pandemic prevalence of IPV (65.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u200963.4%, 67.4%) was higher than prepandemic prevalence (54.2%; 95% CI\u2009=\u200952.2%, 56.3%). At follow-up, the incidence of IPV was 25.5% (95% CI\u2009=\u200922.9%, 28.4%). The highest incidence was in cases of physical and sexual IPV. Women whose partners lost their employment were at significant risk of new exposure to IPV. Highest socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with less physical IPV (odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.03; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.01, 0.14). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. IPV prevalence has risen since the COVID-19 epidemic began with many women who had never experienced IPV now facing it. Unemployment of women or their partners and prepandemic lower socioeconomic status are risk factors of IPV. Monitoring programs should target these populations. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(2):228\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306839 ) <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2022.306839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,27]],"date-time":"2022-10-27T20:06:50Z","timestamp":1666901210000},"page":"228-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The COVID-19 Pandemic, Socioeconomic Effects, and Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study in 2020, Iran"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Fereidooni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Mootz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasoul","family":"Sabaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaveh","family":"Khoshnood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 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Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Moradian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erfan","family":"Taherifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Nasirian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Seyed Taghi Heydari is with the Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health,..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Molavi Vardanjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reza Fereidooni is with the Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Jennifer Mootz is with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Rasoul Sabaei is with the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Kaveh Khoshnood is with the Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT. 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