{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T06:07:59Z","timestamp":1788588479297,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. To compare survival by gender and race among transgender and cisgender people enrolled in private insurance in the United States between 2011 and 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods. We examined Optum\u2019s Clinformatics Data Mart Database. We identified transgender enrollees using claims related to gender-affirming care. Our analytic sample included those we identified as transgender and a 10% random sample of cisgender enrollees. We limited our sample to those 18 years or older who were non-Hispanic Black or White. We identified 18\u2009033 transgender and more than 4 million cisgender enrollees. We fit Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves and calculated standardized mortality ratios while adjusting for census region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. Black transfeminine and nonbinary people assigned male sex at birth were 2.73 times more likely to die than other Black transgender people and 2.38 and 3.34 times more likely than Black cisgender men and women, respectively; similar results were found when White transfeminine and nonbinary people assigned male sex at birth were compared with White cisgender cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. Our findings highlight glaring inequities in mortality risks among Black transfeminine and nonbinary people assigned male sex at birth and underscore the need to monitor mortality risks in transgender populations and address the social conditions that increase these risks. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(10):1507\u20131514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306963 )<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2022.306963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T16:03:36Z","timestamp":1660838616000},"page":"1507-1514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["US Black\u2013White Differences in Mortality Risk Among Transgender and Cisgender People in Private Insurance, 2011\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Landon D.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. Hughto are with the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wesley M.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. Hughto are with the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi E.","family":"Gamarel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. Hughto are with the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arline T.","family":"Geronimus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. Hughto are with the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orestis A.","family":"Panagiotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. Hughto are with the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaclyn M.\u2009W.","family":"Hughto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landon D. Hughes, Wesley M. King, Kristi E. Gamarel, and Arline T. Geronimus are with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Orestis A. Panagiotou and Jaclyn M.\u2009W. 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