{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:00:23Z","timestamp":1792112423168,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Health crises have a disproportionate impact on communities that are marginalized by systems of oppression such as racism and capitalism. Benefits of advances such as in the prevention and treatment of HIV disease are unequally distributed. Intersecting factors including poverty, homophobia, homelessness, racism, and mass incarceration expose marginalized populations to greater risks while limiting access to resources that buffer these risks. Similar patterns have emerged with COVID-19. <\/jats:p><jats:p> We identify comparable pitfalls in our responses to HIV and COVID-19. We introduce health justice as a framework for mitigating the long-term impact of the HIV epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic. The health justice framework considers the central role of power in the health and liberation of communities hit hardest by legacies of marginalization. <\/jats:p><jats:p> We provide 5 recommendations grounded in health justice: (1) redistribute resources, (2) enforce mandates that redistribute power, (3) enact legislation that guarantees support for people with long-haul COVID-19, (4) center experiences of the most impacted communities in policy development, and (5) evaluate multidimensional effects of policies across systems. Successful implementation of these recommendations requires community organizing and collective action. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(2): 194\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307139 ) <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2022.307139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T20:58:46Z","timestamp":1671137926000},"page":"194-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Health Justice: A Framework for Mitigating the Impacts of HIV and COVID-19 on Disproportionately Affected Communities"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Sirry","family":"Alang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirry Alang is with the Department of Health and Human Development at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Oni Blackstock is with Health Justice, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oni","family":"Blackstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirry Alang is with the Department of Health and Human Development at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Oni Blackstock is with Health Justice, New York, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1252"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib3","first-page":"8","volume":"14","author":"Spinner GF.","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Health Dispar Res Pract."},{"key":"bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306196"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85359-3"},{"issue":"21","key":"bib7","first-page":"250","volume":"30","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1981","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"bib8","volume-title":"The Invisible People: How the US Has Slept Through the Global AIDS Pandemic, the Greatest Humanitarian Catastrophe of Our Time.","author":"Behrman G.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3340847"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305766"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-020-00948-8"},{"key":"bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198120922942"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020731421994841"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-02854-9"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab577"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283402c3e"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4809"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01295-0"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7022e1"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1229039"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.306031"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09581590802294296"},{"key":"bib27","volume-title":"We Do This\u2019 Til We Free Us: Abolitionist Organizing and Transforming Justice.","author":"Kaba M.","year":"2021"},{"key":"bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajcp.12101"},{"key":"bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.1285"},{"key":"bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8519.1987.tb00003.x"},{"key":"bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23780231221093158"},{"key":"bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113426"},{"key":"bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09581596.2020.1836328"},{"key":"bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09581596.2021.1878110"},{"key":"bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.98.Supplement_1.S69"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T15:55:21Z","timestamp":1694361321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2022.307139","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}}}