{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:53:18Z","timestamp":1791946398184,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To characterize present-day polysubstance use patterns in the general adult population. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. From a 2022 nationally representative survey in the United States, we defined polysubstance use as last 12-month use of 2 or more drugs (n\u2009=\u200915\u2009800). Latent class analyses included medical (as indicated) and nonmedical (not as directed) use of prescription opioids, stimulants, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants; recreational use of cannabis, psilocybin or mushrooms, other psychedelics, cocaine, methamphetamine, and illicit opioids; and concomitant use with alcohol, cannabis, prescriptions, or recreational drugs. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. The national prevalence of polysubstance use was 20.9% (95% confidence interval\u2009=\u200920.5%, 21.3%), broken down into the following 4 latent classes: (1) medically guided polysubstance use (11.5% prevalence, 6.1% substance use disorder [SUD]): prescribed drug use, some cannabis, and no concomitant use; (2) principal cannabis use variety (4.0% prevalence, 31.9% SUD): high probability of cannabis use with various drugs concomitantly used; (3) self-guided polysubstance use (3.4% prevalence, 14.5% SUD): nonmedical use of prescriptions and concomitant use; and (4) indiscriminate coexposures (2.1% prevalence, 58.9% SUD): concomitant drug use with indiscriminate drug preference. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Different polysubstance profiles show adults with untreated SUDs, and there are 2 previously unrecognized classes. Prevention and treatment strategies addressing polysubstance use should take a personalized perspective and tailor to individuals\u2019 use profile. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(5):747\u2013757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2024.307979 ) <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2024.307979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T20:07:42Z","timestamp":1742501262000},"page":"747-757","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Polysubstance Use Profiles Among the General Adult Population, United States, 2022"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2831-4055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karilynn M.","family":"Rockhill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karilynn M. Rockhill and Alison Abraham are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO. Karilynn M. Rockhill, Joshua C. 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