{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:26:36Z","timestamp":1773285996165,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. To identify hazardous migration experiences among asylum seekers and associations with psychiatric illness. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study of asylum seekers in a federally qualified health center in New York City from January 1 to November 30, 2023, to determine the frequency of and factors associated with hazardous migration events: physical or sexual assault, kidnapping, extortion, illnesses, and incarceration. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Of 530 people (median age\u2009=\u200928 years, 55.5% female), most were from Venezuela (38.5%), Ecuador (20.0%), and other countries in South America (27.0%). They reported physical assault (24.9%), sexual assault (1.9%), kidnapping (4.7%), extortion (48.3%), and illness (19.4%) during migration. Crossing the Darien Gap was independently associated with experiencing physical or sexual violence (as a composite outcome, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2009=\u20092.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.47, 5.10), illness (AOR\u2009=\u20093.71; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.70, 8.58), and extortion (AOR\u2009=\u20091.94; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12, 3.34). Among adults, 10.7% (95% CI\u2009=\u20097.7%, 14.3%) were diagnosed with psychiatric illness during their initial evaluation, and this was more common in those who were incarcerated in immigration detention centers (OR\u2009=\u20092.02; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.13, 3.66). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Asylum seekers journeying through the Darien Gap frequently encounter hazardous traumatic events. Detention by immigration authorities is associated with psychiatric illnesses. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(10):1691\u20131699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2025.308065 ) <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2025.308065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T14:06:14Z","timestamp":1752242774000},"page":"1691-1699","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Health Hazards of Migration in People Seeking Asylum in New York City, 2023"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0779-921X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Olivo-Freites","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Miguez-Arosemena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Henao-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Antonio","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8757-643X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Franco-Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7198-2879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah","family":"Edelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Olivo-Freites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Plazola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayla","family":"Leschly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayme","family":"Leschly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Gundacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. Nathan Gundacker was with the Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Cen..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3761-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir M.","family":"Mohareb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"At the time this work was conducted, Christian Olivo-Freites, Jennifer Marquez, Kayla Leschly, and Jayme Leschly were with Ryan Health, New York, NY. Patricia Miguez-Arosemena was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY. Andr\u00e9s Henao-Mart\u00ednez was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora. Jose Antonio Suarez was with Senacyt, Panama City, Panama. Carlos Franco-Paredes was with Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico. Deborah Edelman was with the Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. Cristina Olivo-Freites was with the Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston. Carlos Plazola was with the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL. 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