{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:55:17Z","timestamp":1757703317078},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> OBJECTIVES. CD4 lymphocyte counts decrease with the duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We used CD4 counts collected for clinical reasons to evaluate the stage of HIV infection and the epidemiology of recent HIV infections among attendees of South Carolina's public health clinics. METHODS. We measured the CD4 T-lymphocyte counts of persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection April 1989 through June 1990 at South Carolina public health clinics who returned for follow-up. RESULTS. Of 812 newly diagnosed HIV-infected health department patients, 420 (52%) had their CD4 lymphocyte counts measured. Of these 420, 51 (12%) had CD4 counts of &lt; 200, the level below which prophylaxis for pneumocystis pneumonia prolongs survival, and 193 (46%) had CD4 counts of &lt; 500, the level below which zidovudine may prolong disease-free survival. The highest CD4 counts (&gt; or = 900), which are associated with more recent HIV infection, were more common in females. CONCLUSIONS. In South Carolina, almost half of newly reported HIV-infected persons who agreed to CD4 testing at the health department might benefit from immediate drug therapy. Within this population, women may be an emerging risk group that requires specifically directed HIV prevention efforts. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.84.3.377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:18:52Z","timestamp":1227964732000},"page":"377-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Using CD4 counts to evaluate the stages and epidemiology of HIV infection in South Carolina public clinic patients."],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Luby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Horan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-4-496"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-1-1"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6624.745"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198911000-00008"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198909000-00002"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90816-5"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1987.03390030061021"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91166-R"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-3-223"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198701083160201"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.4.789"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eyster ME, Goedert JJ, Sarngadharan MG, Weiss SH, Gallo RC, Blattner WA. Development and early natural history of HTLV-III antibodies in persons with hemophilia. JAAL4. 1985;253:2219-2223.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.253.15.2219"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutchinson CM, Wilson C, Reichart CA, Marsiglia VC, Zenilman JM, Hook EW. CD4 Iymphocyte concentrations in patients with newly identified HIV infection attending STD clinics. JAAL4. 1991;266: 253-256.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.266.2.253"},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"92","volume":"3","author":"Brundage JF","year":"1990","journal-title":"Army. J AcquirImmuneDefic Syndr."},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198611000-00017"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denny T, Yogev R, Gelman R, etal. Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children during the first 5 years of life. JAM4. 1992;267:1484-1488.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.267.11.1484"},{"key":"p_17","unstructured":"Malone JL, Simms TE, Gray GC, Wagner KF, Burge JR, Burke DS. Sources of variability in repeated T-helper Iymphocyte counts from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: total lymphocyte count fluctuations and diurnal cycle are important. JAcquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1990;3:144-151."},{"key":"p_18","unstructured":"Hill A, Ekong T, Gompels M, Pinching A. CD4 fluctuates within restricted regions of the normal range in heterosexual control subjects. In: VII Intemational ConferenceonAIDSAbstractBook. Rome, Italy: Instituto Superiore Di Sanita; 1991; 1:289."},{"key":"p_19","first-page":"1","author":"Centers for Disease Control. Table 7","year":"1991","journal-title":"United States. HIV\/AIDS Surveill."},{"key":"p_20","unstructured":"Dean AD, Dean JA, Burton JH, Dicker RC. Epi Info [computer program]. Version 5.01. Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control; 1990."},{"key":"p_21","unstructured":"StatXact [computer program]. Cambridge, Mass: Cytel Software Corporation; 1989."},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elliott AC. Kwikstat [computer program]. Version 2.00. Cedar Hill, Tex: TexaSoft\/ Mission Technologies; 1989.","DOI":"10.2307\/2685379"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199004053221401"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graham NMH, Zeger SL, Park LP, etal. The effects on survival of early treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. NEnglJMed. 1992;326:1037-1042.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199204163261601"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)93096-J"},{"key":"p_26","first-page":"845","volume":"39","author":"Division of HIV\/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control","year":"1990","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470170075027"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91160-8"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.84.3.377","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T18:37:10Z","timestamp":1652121430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.84.3.377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.84.3.377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.84.3.377","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,3]]}}}