{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T11:26:04Z","timestamp":1763551564340},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> OBJECTIVES: This study sought to describe the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance system in Lazio, Italy, and to analyze exposure patterns and time trends of HIV serodiagnoses from January 1985 to December 1994. METHODS: A linkage procedure made it possible to identify newly diagnosed HIV cases. Anonymous information was collected on demographic and exposure factors for each individual. RESULTS: Of 35,425 reports, 13,660 were newly diagnosed HIV cases, 70.9% of them in men. The proportion of women increased at the beginning of the study period (the male:female ratio declined from 3.5 in 1985 to 2.6 in 1986) and then remained stable. The proportion of subjects reporting heterosexual exposure, in men and women, respectively, increased from 1.5% and 2.0% in 1985 to 21.2% and 60.8% in 1994. Starting in 1992, heterosexual contact has become the main transmission route for women. CONCLUSIONS: A changing pattern in the HIV epidemic is emerging, with a shift in the incidence of HIV diagnosis from \"core\" high-risk groups (drug injectors) to the large low-risk population (the general population) exposed through heterosexual transmission. This is probably occurring in other areas (e.g., large urban centers in the United States) with a similar epidemiological situation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.87.10.1654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:30:23Z","timestamp":1227965423000},"page":"1654-1658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The changing distribution of HIV infection: HIV surveillance in Lazio, Italy, 1985 through 1994. Lazio HIV Surveillance Collaborative Group."],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Brancato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C A","family":"Perucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D D","family":"Abeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Sangalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Arc\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.12.1923"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199506000-00012"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199506000-00015"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.12.1929"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199506000-00018"},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"R85","volume":"2","author":"Waight PA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Community Dis Rep."},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.81.5.561"},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"213","volume":"103","author":"Dondero TJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.12.1888"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199404000-00015"},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"495","volume":"6","author":"Goldberg DJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"key":"p_12","unstructured":"Perucci CA, Arca M, Abeni DD, Chierchini P, Orchi N, Spadea T. Temporal trends of HIV infection by risk indicator in the Latium region, Italy. In: Abstract Book Fifth International Conference on AIDS; June 4-9, 1989; Montreal, Canada. Abstract TAP5:99."},{"key":"p_13","unstructured":"Spadea T and the Lazio AIDS Collaborative Group. HIV surveillance system (LHSS) in Latium, Italy: update. In: Abstract Book Vol II. Sixth International Conference on AIDS; June 20-24, 1990; San Francisco, Calif. Abstract 3172:445."},{"key":"p_14","unstructured":"Sangalli M, Abeni DD, Perucci CA, Carboni A, Arca M, and the Lazio AIDS Collaborative Group. Surveillance of HIV infection in Roma and Lazio, 1985-1992. In: Abstract Book, Vol II. Ninth International Conference on AIDS; June 6-11, 1993; Berlin, Germany. Abstract PO-C27-3248."},{"key":"p_15","unstructured":"Mann J, Tarantola DJM, Netter TW. AIDS in the World. A Global Report. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press; 1992."},{"key":"p_16","first-page":"1","volume":"38","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1989","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92985-0"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1987.03400150089035"},{"key":"p_19","unstructured":"Sangalli M. Validity and repeatability of the information provided by the anonymous surveillance system of HIV infection, Lazio region, Italy. London, England: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; 1994. MSc thesis."},{"key":"p_21","unstructured":"Rapiti E, Brancato G, Pezzotti P, etal tion. Stat Med 1992; 1 1: 1657-1684. Study of natural history of HIV infection epidemic. Estimating incidence of HIV-l infection in the general population using multiple imputation. In: Progress Report. Eighth Research Project on AIDS. Ministero della Sanita, Istituto Superiore di Sanith; May 29-June 2, 1995; Rome, Italy. Abstract p. 66."},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.5.1027"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199407000-00006"},{"key":"p_24","unstructured":"Arca M, Abeni DD, Perucci CA, Anderson RM. Predicting and preventing the IVDUdriven heterosexual epidemic of HIV-1. In Abstract Book, Vol II. Ninth International Conference on AIDS; June 6-11, 1993; Berlin, Germany. Abstract PO-C22-3156."},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269402400312"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.87.10.1654","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T20:37:00Z","timestamp":1652128620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.87.10.1654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.87.10.1654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.87.10.1654","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,10]]}}}