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RESULTS: Average weight increased over the 7 years, increases ranging from 5.2 kg (SE = 0.2, n = 811) in White women to 8.5 kg (SE = 0.3, n = 882) in African-American women. Significant time-related increases in weight, ranging from 2.0 kg (SE = 1.0) in White women to 4.8 kg (SE = 1.0, n = 711) in African-American men, accounted for 40% to 60% of the average total weight gain. Aging-related increases were also significant, ranging from 2.6 kg (SE = 0.8, n = 944) in White men to 5.0 kg (SE = 1.1) in African-American women. The prevalence of overweight increased progressively in each group. Decreased physical fitness was most strongly associated with weight gain in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The observed dramatic time-related weight gains, most likely due to secular (period-related) trends, are a serious public health concern. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.87.4.635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:30:23Z","timestamp":1227965423000},"page":"635-642","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Seven-year trends in body weight and associations with lifestyle and behavioral characteristics in black and white young adults: the CARDIA study."],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"C E","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D E","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D D","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O D","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D E","family":"Bild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"D R","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520030047027"},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"19","volume":"1","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-6-983"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00006"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520300035033"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509143331101"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00026"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410090006001"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115685"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500230091035"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.1.11"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.85.4.1265"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/51.6.1100"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90080-7"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77S","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(91)90002-4","volume":"12","author":"Cutter GR","year":"1991","journal-title":"Controlled Clin Trials."},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390150135026"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(92)90021-Q"},{"key":"p_24","first-page":"1104","volume":"91","author":"McDonald A","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am DietAssoc."},{"key":"p_25","first-page":"15","volume":"4","author":"Liu K","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ethn Dis."},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90160-1"},{"key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/47.3.406"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90050-Y"},{"key":"p_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacobs DR, Hahn LP, Haskell WL, Pirie P, physical activity history: CARDIA and the Sidney S. 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