{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:12:52Z","timestamp":1762917172613},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> OBJECTIVES: Although maternal tetanus immunization has been shown to be highly effective in the prevention of neonatal tetanus, unresolved questions remain concerning the required minimum number of doses and the resulting duration of effective immunity. This study examined the duration of effective immunity against neonatal tetanus provided by maternal tetanus immunization. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind cholera vaccine trial of 41,571 children and nonpregnant adult women carried out in 1974 in the Matlab comparison area of rural Bangladesh provided a unique opportunity to address dose and immunity issues. RESULTS: Children of women who received either 1 or 2 injections of tetanus toxoid experienced 4- to 14-day mortality levels consistently lower than those of children of unimmunized mothers. Analysis of neonatal-tetanus-related mortality showed that 2 injections of tetanus toxoid provided significant protection for subsequent durations of up to 12 or 13 years. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate that a limited-dose regimen of maternal tetanus toxoid provides significant and extended protection against the risk of neonatal tetanus death. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.88.6.903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:30:23Z","timestamp":1227965423000},"page":"903-907","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Duration of protective immunity conferred by maternal tetanus toxoid immunization: further evidence from Matlab, Bangladesh."],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"M A","family":"Koenig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N C","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"McElrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Shahidullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Wojtyniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_1","first-page":"647","volume":"62","author":"Stanfield JP","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2807958"},{"key":"p_3","first-page":"927","volume":"58","author":"Black RE","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"863","volume":"35","author":"Newell KW","year":"1966","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_5","first-page":"261","volume":"60","author":"Rahman M","year":"1982","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5255.785"},{"key":"p_7","first-page":"439","volume":"43","author":"Hardegree MC","year":"1970","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"906","volume":"66","author":"Kielmann AA","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ind J Med Res."},{"key":"p_9","first-page":"745","volume":"59","author":"Breman JG","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)90062-7"},{"key":"p_11","unstructured":"Curlin GT. Immunological Aspects of a Cholera Toxoid Field Trial in Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research; 1978. Scientific report 8."},{"key":"p_12","unstructured":"Koenig M, Strong M. Assessing the mortality impact of an integrated health program: lessons from Matlab, Bangladesh. In: Rashad H, Gray R, Boerma JT, eds. Evaluation of the Impact of Health Interventions. Liege, Belgium: Derouaux Ordina Editions; 1994: 361-395."},{"key":"p_13","unstructured":"Huq MN, Cleland J. Bangladesh Fertility Survey 1989: Main Report. Dhaka, Bangladesh: National Institute of Population Research and Training; 1990."},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1966893"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1966568"},{"key":"p_16","unstructured":"Fauveau V, Wojtyniak B, Chowdhury HR, Sarder AM. Assessment of cause of death in the Matlab Demographic Surveillance System. In: Fauveau V, ed. Matlab: Women, Children, and Health. 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Paper no. 3."},{"key":"p_21","first-page":"359","volume":"38","author":"Benenson AS","year":"1968","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_22","first-page":"229","volume":"47","author":"Mosley WH","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_23","unstructured":"Prevention ofNeonatal Tetanus through Immunization. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1986. 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