{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:54:19Z","timestamp":1780581259405,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of early adolescent marijuana use to late adolescent problem behaviors, drug-related attitudes, drug problems, and sibling and peer problem behavior. METHODS: African American (n = 627) and Puerto Rican (n = 555) youths completed questionnaires in their classrooms initially and were individually interviewed 5 years later. Logistic regression analysis estimated increases in the risk of behaviors or attitudes in late adolescence associated with more frequent marijuana use in early adolescence. RESULTS: Early adolescent marijuana use increased the risk in late adolescence of not graduating from high school; delinquency; having multiple sexual partners; not always using condoms; perceiving drugs as not harmful; having problems with cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana; and having more friends who exhibit deviant behavior. These relations were maintained with controls for age, sex, ethnicity, and, when available, earlier psychosocial measures. CONCLUSIONS: Early adolescent marijuana use is related to later adolescent problems that limit the acquisition of skills necessary for employment and heighten the risks of contracting HIV and abusing legal and illegal substances. Hence, assessments of and treatments for adolescent marijuana use need to be incorporated in clinical practice. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.89.10.1549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:33:29Z","timestamp":1227965609000},"page":"1549-1554","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":166,"title":["The risks for late adolescence of early adolescent marijuana use."],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"J S","family":"Brook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E B","family":"Balka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Whiteman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eggert LL, Herting JR. Drug involvement among potential dropouts and \"typical\" youth. JDnugEduc. 1993;23:31-55.","DOI":"10.2190\/9RCJ-DTYE-KL5L-HDRA"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jessor R, Donovan JE, Costa FM. BevondAdolescence: Problem Behavior and Young Adult Development. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1991.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511527647"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.3.1.56"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.9.1.67"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein JA, Smith GM, Guy SM, Bentler PM. Consequences of adolescent drug use on young adult job behavior and job satisfaction. JAppl Psvchol. 1993;78:463-474.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.78.3.463"},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"349","volume":"1","author":"Brook JS","year":"1989","journal-title":"Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr."},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.1994.tb00249.x"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269602600402"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krohn MD, Thornberry TP, Collins-Hall L, Lizotte AJ. School dropout, delinquent behavior, and drug use. In: Kaplan HB, ed. Drugs, Crime, and Other Deviant Adaptations: Longitudinal Studies. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1995:163-183.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0970-1_7"},{"key":"p_10","unstructured":"Newcomb MD, Bentler PM. Consequences of Adolescent Drug Use. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications; 1988."},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221329809596131"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brook JS, Whiteman M, Finch SJ, Cohen P. Young adult drug use and delinquency: childhood antecedents and adolescent mediators. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35: 1584-1592.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199612000-00009"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800080032005"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550070061039"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"111","volume":"116","author":"Brook JS","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136857"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/X4WU-BV3X-Q483-Y5BT"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1988.11024389"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Windle M. A longitudinal study of antisocial behaviors in early adolescence as predictors of late adolescent substance use: gender and ethnic group differences. JAbnorm Psychol. 1990; 99:86-91.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.99.1.86"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ary DV, Tildesley E, Hops H, Andrews J. The influence of parents, siblings, and peer modeling and attitudes on adolescent use of alcohol. IntJAddict. 1993;28:853-880.","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089309039661"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1990.9914644"},{"key":"p_22","unstructured":"Conger RD, Rueter MA. Siblings, parents, and peers: a longitudinal study of social influences in adolescent risk for alcohol use and abuse. In: Brody GH, ed. Sibling Relationships: Their Causes and Consequences. Norwood, NJ: Ablex; 1996:1-30."},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J251v04n03_07"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2786829"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.61.2.327"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1992.71.1.179"},{"key":"p_27","first-page":"417","volume":"18","author":"Brook JS","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136892"},{"key":"p_29","unstructured":"Jessor R, Jessor SL. Problem Behavior and Psychosocial Development: A Longitudinal Study of Youth. New York, NY: Academic Press Inc; 1977."},{"key":"p_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gold M. Undetected delinquent behavior. JRes Crime Delinquency. 1966;3:27-46.","DOI":"10.1177\/002242786600300103"},{"key":"p_31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2301_7"},{"key":"p_32","unstructured":"Newcomb MD. Drug Use in the Workplace: Risk Factors for Disruptive Substance Use Among Young Adults. Dover, Mass: Auburn House; 1988."},{"key":"p_33","unstructured":"Jackson DN. Personality Research Form. Goshen, NY: Research Psychologists Press; 1974."},{"key":"p_34","unstructured":"Jessor R, Graves TD, Hanson RC, Jessor SL. Society, Personality, and Deviant Behavior: A Study of a Tri-Ethnic Community. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston; 1968."},{"key":"p_35","unstructured":"Johnston JD, Bachman JG, O'Malley PM. Monitoring the Future Study, 1986. Ann Arbor, Mich: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan; 1987."},{"key":"p_36","first-page":"1235","volume":"80","author":"Brook JS","year":"1997","journal-title":"PsycholRep."},{"key":"p_37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J251v04n03_03"},{"key":"p_38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1995.9914832"},{"key":"p_39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(95)01097-I"},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579400007331"},{"key":"p_41","unstructured":"Brunswick AF, Rier DA. A structural strain: drug use among African-American youth. In: Taylor RL, ed. African-American Youth: Their Social and Economic Status in the United States. Westport, Conn: Praeger; 1995:225-246."},{"key":"p_42","unstructured":"Bem DJ. Self-perception theory. In: Berkowitz L, ed. Cognitive Theories in Social Psychology. New York, NY: Academic Press Inc; 1978: 221-282."},{"key":"p_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stacy AW, Newcomb MD, Bentler PM. Cognitive motivation and drug use: a 9-year longitudinal study. JAbnorm Psychol. 1991;100:502-515.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.502"},{"key":"p_44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790130096013"},{"key":"p_45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188374"},{"key":"p_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harrison L. The validity of self reported drug use in survey research: an overview and critique of research methods. In: Harrison L, Hughes A, eds. The Validity of Self Reported Drug Use: Improving the Accuracy of Survey Estimates. Rockville, Md: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 1997:17-36.","DOI":"10.1037\/e495622006-002"},{"key":"p_47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/269084"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.89.10.1549","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T20:04:17Z","timestamp":1652126657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.89.10.1549"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.89.10.1549"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.89.10.1549","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}