{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:42:36Z","timestamp":1791592956841,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Country-specific activity and coverage data were used to estimate the childhood mortality impact (deaths averted) and costs of integrating vitamin A supplements into immunization campaigns conducted in 1998 and 1999. More than 94 million doses of vitamin A were administered in 41 countries in 1998, helping to avert nearly 169,000 deaths. During 1999, delivery of more than 97 million doses in 50 countries helped avert an estimated 242,000 deaths. The estimated incremental cost per death averted was US$72 (range: 36-142) in 1998 and US$64 (range: 32-126) in 1999. The estimated average total cost of providing supplementation per death averted was US$310 (range: 157-609) in 1998 and US$276 (range: 139-540) in 1999. Costs per death averted varied by campaign, depending on the number and proportion of the child population reached, number of doses received per child, and child mortality rates. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.90.10.1526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,29]],"date-time":"2008-11-29T13:33:29Z","timestamp":1227965609000},"page":"1526-1529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Childhood mortality impact and costs of integrating vitamin A supplementation into immunization campaigns"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"90","member":"844","reference":[{"key":"p_1","unstructured":"Integration of Vitamin A Supplementation With Immunization: Policy and Programme Implications. Report of a meeting, January 12-13, 1998, UNICEF, New York, NY. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization; 1998."},{"key":"p_2","unstructured":"World Population Prospects. The 1998 Revision, Volume 1: Comprehensive Tables. New York, NY: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 1999. ST\/ ESA\/SER.A\/177."},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659401500414","volume":"15","author":"Beaton GH","year":"1994","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull."},{"key":"p_4","unstructured":"Beaton GH, Martorell R, Aronson KA, etal. Effectiveness of Vitamin A Supplementation in the Control of Young Child Morbidity and Mortality in Developing Countries. New York, NY: United Nations; December 1993. ACC\/SCN State-of-the-Art Series, Nutrition Discussion Paper No. 13."},{"key":"p_5","unstructured":"Philippines: National Demographic and Health Survey 1998. Manila, Philippines: National Statistics Office and Macro International Inc; 1999."},{"key":"p_6","unstructured":"Vietnam: National Demographics and Health Survey 1997. Hanoi, Vietnam: National Committee for Population and Family Planning; 1998."},{"key":"p_7","unstructured":"Klemm RDW, Villate EE, Tuazon-Lopez C, Ramos AC. Coverage and Impact of Adding Vitamin A Capsule (VAC) Distribution to Annual National Immunization Day in the Philippines. Manila, Philippines: Department of Health and Helen Keller International; June 1996."},{"key":"p_8","unstructured":"Bloem MW, Gorstein J. Viet Nam: Xerophthalmia Free. 1994 National Vitamin A Deficiency and Protein-Energy Malnutrition Prevalence Survey. Hanoi, Vietnam: National Institute of Nutrition, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Institute for Protection of Children's Health, Medical College, Helen Keller International, and UNICEF; 1995."},{"key":"p_9","unstructured":"Sommer A. Vitamin A Deficiency and Its Consequences: A Field Guide to Their Detection and Control. 3rd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1995."},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665199000944"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6874.366"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500070078033"},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"163","volume":"75","author":"Huttly SRA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"160","volume":"323","author":"Barclay AJG","year":"1987","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199007193230304"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7129.422"},{"key":"p_18","unstructured":"IVACG Policy Statement on Vitamin A, Diarrhea and Measles. Washington, DC: International Vitamin A Consultative Group; 1996."},{"key":"p_19","unstructured":"Vitamin A Global Initiative. A Strategy for Acceleration of Progress in Combating Vitamin A Deficiency: Consensus of an Informal Technical Consultation. New York, 18-19 December, 1997. New York, NY: UNICEF; 1998."},{"key":"p_20","unstructured":"Joint Statement: Policy and Operational Questions Relating to Vitamin A and EPI\/NIDs. New York, NY: World Health Organization and UNICEF; July 28, 1998."},{"key":"p_21","unstructured":"Distribution of Vitamin A During National Immunization Days:A\"Generic\"Addendum to the Field Guide for Supplementary Activities Aimed at Achieving Polio Eradication. 1996 revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1998."},{"key":"p_22","first-page":"305","volume":"78","author":"Goodman T","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.90.10.1526","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:44:12Z","timestamp":1652136252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.90.10.1526"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.90.10.1526"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.90.10.1526","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}}}