{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T23:18:59Z","timestamp":1767914339788,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The results of 2 large field studies on the impact of the polio eradication initiative on health systems and 3 supplementary reports were presented at a December 1999 meeting convened by the World Health Organization. <\/jats:p><jats:p> All of these studies concluded that positive synergies exist between polio eradication and health systems but that these synergies have not been vigorously exploited. The eradication of polio has probably improved health systems worldwide by broadening distribution of vitamin A supplements, improving cooperation among enterovirus laboratories, and facilitating linkages between health workers and their communities. The results of these studies also show that eliminating polio did not cause a diminution of funding for immunization against other illnesses. Relatively little is known about the opportunity costs of polio eradication. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Improved planning in disease eradication initiatives can minimize disruptions in the delivery of other services. Future initiatives should include indicators and baseline data for monitoring effects on health systems development. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.92.1.19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T00:04:35Z","timestamp":1228176275000},"page":"19-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Impact of Targeted Programs on Health Systems: A Case Study of the Polio Eradication Initiative"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Loevinsohn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Aylward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Steinglass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellyn","family":"Ogden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracey","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bjorn","family":"Melgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benjamin Loevinsohn is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Bruce Aylward is with the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Robert Steinglass is with BASICS, Washington, DC. Ellyn Ogden is with the Office of Health and Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. Tracey Goodman is with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Bjorn..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.6.922"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.6.913"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.88.1.130"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Taylor Commission. The Impact of the Expanded Program on Immunization and the Polio Eradication Initiative on Health Systems in the Americas. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization; 1995."},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Meeting on the Impact of Targeted Programmes on Health Systems: A Case Study of the Polio Eradication Initiative. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2000. WHO Document V&B\/00.29."},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Arora NK, Patwari AK, Lakshman M, et al. Pulse Polio Immunization Program Evaluation 1997\u201398. New Delhi, India: All India Institute of Medical Sciences; 1999."},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Mogedal S, Stenson B. Disease eradication: friend or foe to the health system? Paper presented at: Meeting on the Impact of Targeted Programmes on Health Systems: A Case Study of the Polio Eradication Initiative; December 1999; Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Levin A, Ram S. The Impact of the Polio Eradication Campaign on the Financing of Routine EPI: Findings of Three Case Studies. Bethesda, Md: Partnership for Health Reform, University Research Co; 1999."},{"key":"R9","unstructured":"MacAulay C, Verma M. Global Polio Laboratory Network: A Model for Good Laboratory Practice\u2014A Study of the Quality Principles Within the Global Polio Laboratory Network. Bethesda, Md: Quality Assurance Project, University Research Co; 1999."},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Goodman T, Dalmiya N, de Benoist B, Schultink W. Polio as a platform: using national immunization days to deliver vitamin A supplements. Bull World Health Organ.2000;78:305\u2013314."},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Aylward RB, Hull HF, Cochi SL, Sutter RW, Oliv\u00e9 JM, Melgaard B. Disease eradication as a public health strategy: a case study of poliomyelitis eradication. Bull World Health Organ.2000;78:285\u2013297."},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"Beaton GH, Martorell KJ, Aronson B, et al. Effectiveness of Vitamin A Supplementation in the Control of Young Child Morbidity and Mortality in Developing Countries. 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Bull World Health Organ.2000;78:281\u2013282."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.92.1.19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:56:32Z","timestamp":1652136992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.92.1.19"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.92.1.19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.92.1.19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}}}