{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:52:22Z","timestamp":1774565542787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. We describe the prevalence of asthma risk factors within racial\/ethnic and language groups of infants participating in an intervention study for reducing chronic asthma. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. Low-income children aged 9 to 24 months with 3 or more episodes of wheezing illness were enrolled. Baseline information included family and medical histories, allergic status, environmental exposures, emotional environment, and caregiver psychosocial resources. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Racial\/ethnic and language groups\u2014European Americans, African Americans, high-acculturated Hispanics, and low-acculturated Hispanics\u2014showed different patterns of risk factors for childhood asthma, with low-acculturated Hispanics showing the most distinctive pattern. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Patterns of covariation of biological and psychosocial risk factors for childhood asthma were associated with racial\/ethnic and language status among urban, low-income children. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.92.5.792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T00:04:35Z","timestamp":1228176275000},"page":"792-798","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Unraveling the Ecology of Risks for Early Childhood Asthma Among Ethnically Diverse Families in the Southwest"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Mary D.","family":"Klinnert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary D. Klinnert, Marcella R. Price, and Andrew H. Liu are with the National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colo. Mary D. Klinnert, Andrew H. Liu, and JoAnn L. Robinson are with the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcella R.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary D. Klinnert, Marcella R. Price, and Andrew H. Liu are with the National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colo. Mary D. Klinnert, Andrew H. Liu, and JoAnn L. Robinson are with the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew H.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary D. Klinnert, Marcella R. Price, and Andrew H. Liu are with the National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colo. Mary D. Klinnert, Andrew H. Liu, and JoAnn L. Robinson are with the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JoAnn L.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary D. Klinnert, Marcella R. Price, and Andrew H. Liu are with the National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colo. Mary D. Klinnert, Andrew H. Liu, and JoAnn L. Robinson are with the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(92)90077-F"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.104549"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199710)24:4<263::AID-PPUL5>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.6.1274"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.12.1066"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Gergen P, Mullally D, Evans R. National survey of prevalence of asthma among children in the United States, 1976\u20131980. Pediatrics.1988;81:1\u20137."},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450130060027"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/142.3.555"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Sly R, O'Donnell R. Regional distribution of deaths from asthma. Ann Allergy.1989;62:347\u2013354."},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weitzman M, Gortmaker S, Sobol A. Racial, social, and environmental risks for childhood asthma. Am J Dis Child.1990;144:1189\u20131194.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1990.02150350021016"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.78.7.777"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.4.580"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.7.1066"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.1.9710014"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501193320301"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199103000-00009"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008787"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weitzman M, Gortmaker S, Walker DK, Sobol A. Maternal smoking and childhood asthma. Pediatrics.1990;85:505\u2013511.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.85.4.505"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80329-4"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.1.9807104"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108301"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)70209-9"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.75.5.392"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.4.e69"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/108854100778248917"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.3.8810605"},{"key":"R30","unstructured":"Chapman M. Cockroach allergens: a common cause of asthma in North American cities. Insights Allergy.1993;8:2\u20138."},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Woodfolk J, Luczynska C, de Blay F, Chapman M, Platts-Mills T. Cat allergy [guest editorial]. Ann Allergy.1992;69:273\u2013275."},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olds D, Henderson CJ, Kitzman H. Does prenatal and infancy nurse home visitation have enduring effects on qualities of parental care giving and child health at 25 to 50 months of life? Pediatrics.1994;93:89\u201398.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.93.1.89"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradley R. The HOME Inventory: review and reflections. Adv Child Dev Behav.1994;25:242\u2013288.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2407(08)60054-3"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0917(199612)5:4<251::AID-EDP137>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.64.1.131"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.6.679"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199902)27:2<85::AID-PPUL4>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.74.6.569"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460020081033"},{"key":"R45","unstructured":"Lara M, Morgenstern H, Duran N, Brook R. Elevated asthma morbidity in Puerto Rican children: a review of possible risk and prognostic factors. West J Med.1999;170:75\u201384."},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116980"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1997.02170440027005"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199705083361904"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.3.573"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(95)70286-5"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.6.929"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.92.5.792","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:59:02Z","timestamp":1652137142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.92.5.792"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.92.5.792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.92.5.792","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}}}