{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:24:17Z","timestamp":1759411457412},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Public Health Association","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objectives. This study assessed the effectiveness of a middle school vaccination requirement for raising second-dose measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine coverage among adolescents. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Methods. Random-digit-dialed telephone surveys were conducted before (1998) and after (1999) the implementation of a vaccination requirement for entry into the seventh grade in San Diego, Calif. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results. Vaccination coverage was higher among children subject to the vaccination requirement (seventh-grade students; 60%) than among fifth- and sixth-grade students 1 year before the requirement (13%, P &lt; .001), and 8th- through 12th-grade students not subject to the requirement (27%, P &lt; .0001). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusions. Middle school\u2013entry vaccination requirements can rapidly and substantially raise vaccination coverage among students subject to the law. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.94.6.978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T01:58:24Z","timestamp":1228183104000},"page":"978-984","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["A Middle School Immunization Law Rapidly and Substantially Increases Immunization Coverage Among Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.2105","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Francisco","family":"Averhoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Linton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. Michael","family":"Peddecord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fishbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francisco Averhoff and Daniel Fishbein are with the National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Leslie Linton, K. Michael Peddecord, and Christine Edwards are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. Leslie Linton is also with, and Wendy Wang is with, the Health and Human Services Agency, County of San Diego, San Diego, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"844","reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles prevention: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1989;38(suppl 9):1\u201319."},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Measles: reassessment of the current immunization policy. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases. Pediatrics.1989;84:1110\u20131133."},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530150025029"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Immunization of adolescents: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Medical Association. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1996;45(RR-13):1\u201316."},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hepatitis B virus: a comprehensive strategy for eliminating transmission in the United States through universal childhood vaccination: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1991;40(RR-13):1\u201319."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.11.1684"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vaccination coverage among adolescents 1 year before the institution of a seventh grade school entry vaccination requirement\u2014San Diego, California, 1998. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1998;49(05):101\u2013102,111."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(99)00118-X"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Effectiveness of a seventh grade school entry vaccination requirement\u2014statewide and Orange County, Florida, 1997\u20131998. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1998;47:711\u2013715."},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530150033030"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199807001-00006"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.11.1722"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199411000-00014"},{"key":"R19","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Effectiveness of a middle school vaccination law\u2014\u2014California, 1999\u20132001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2001;50(31);660\u2013661."},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: recommendations to prevent hepatitis B virus transmission\u2014United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.1995;44:574\u2013575."},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/phr\/115.1.65"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2105\/AJPH.94.6.978","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T22:04:34Z","timestamp":1652133874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/full\/10.2105\/AJPH.94.6.978"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2105\/AJPH.94.6.978"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.94.6.978","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-0036","1541-0048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-0036","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-0048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}