{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:37:35Z","timestamp":1792013855598,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI20C0285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI20C0285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Cochlear Korea","award":["06-2019-298 to BYC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06-2019-298 to BYC"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016275","name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["13-2019-002 to BYC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13-2019-002 to BYC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-ceo.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives. Malformations of the inner ear account for approximately 20% of cases of congenital deafness. In current practice, straight arrays with circumferential electrodes (i.e., full-banded electrodes) are widely used in severely malformed cochleae. However, the unpredictability of the location of residual spiral ganglion neurons in such malformations argues against obligatorily using full-banded electrodes in all cases. Here, we present our experience of electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) and radiography-based selection of an appropriate electrode for severely malformed cochleae.Methods. Three patients with severely malformed cochleae, showing cochlear hypoplasia type II (CH-II), incomplete partition type I (IP-I), and cochlear aplasia with a dilated vestibule (CADV), respectively, were included, and the cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) was evaluated. A full-banded electrode (CI24RE(ST)) and slim modiolar electrode (CI632) were alternately inserted to compare ECAP responses and electrode position.Results. In patient 1 (CH-II with CND), who had initially undergone cochlear implantation (CI) using a lateral wall electrode (CI422), revision CI was performed due to incomplete insertion of CI422 and resultant unsatisfactory performance by explanting the CI422 and re-inserting the CI24RE(ST) and CI632 sequentially. Although both electrodes elicited reliable ECAP responses with correct positioning, CI24RE(ST) showed overall lower ECAP thresholds compared to CI632; thus, CI24RE(ST) was selected. In patient 2 (IP-I with CND), CI632 elicited superior ECAP responses relative to CI24RE(ST), with correct positioning of the electrode; CI632 was chosen. In patient 3 (CADV), CI632 did not elicit an ECAP response, while meaningful ECAP responses were obtained with the CI24RE(ST) array once correct positioning was achieved. All patients\u2019 auditory performance markedly improved postoperatively.Conclusion. The ECAP and radiography-based strategy to identify an appropriate electrode may be useful for severely malformed cochleae, leading to enhanced functional outcomes. The practice of sticking to full-banded straight electrodes may not always be optimal for IP-I and CH-II.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21053\/ceo.2021.00752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T01:48:30Z","timestamp":1623116910000},"page":"287-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21053\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Potential Implications of Slim Modiolar Electrodes for Severely Malformed Cochleae: A Comparison With the Straight Array With Circumferential Electrodes"],"prefix":"10.21053","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3566-8708","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sang-Yeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5125-2118","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Byung Yoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1894","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Malformations of the inner ear in deaf children: a tomographic and clinical study","author":"Jensen","year":"1968"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"e11","volume-title":"Surgical outcomes after cochlear implantation in children with incomplete partition type I: comparison with deaf children with a normal inner ear structure","author":"Suk","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05534-1"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.675627"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488509119140"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0194-5998(97)70178-5"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000224090.94882.b4"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Cochlear implant in incomplete partition type I","author":"Berrettini","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215001904842"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200111000-00020"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aud.0000000000000920"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2005.03.020"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74738-x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200212000-00019"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/balkanmedj.2017.0367"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"312","volume-title":"Categories of auditory performance","author":"Archbold","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"494","volume-title":"Validity and reliability of the IT-MAIS Korean version in children with normal hearing","author":"Yoon","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2017.10.005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1754762815y.0000000016"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.0030"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ceo.org\/upload\/pdf\/ceo-2021-00752.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ceo.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.21053\/ceo.2021.00752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ceo.org\/upload\/pdf\/ceo-2021-00752.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T08:09:55Z","timestamp":1629187795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-ceo.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.21053\/ceo.2021.00752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21053\/ceo.2021.00752","relation":{},"ISSN":["1976-8710","2005-0720"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1976-8710","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-0720","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}