{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:20:38Z","timestamp":1790248838857,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for the recurrence of hallux valgus deformity and to clarify whether recurrence after surgery to treat hallux valgus can be predicted using radiographic parameters assessed on immediate postoperative non-weight-bearing radiographs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A proximal chevron osteotomy combined with a distal soft-tissue procedure was performed by a single surgeon to treat moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity in 93 patients (117 feet). The feet were grouped according to nonrecurrence or recurrence. Changes in the hallux valgus angle, the intermetatarsal angle, and sesamoid position over time were analyzed by comparing values measured during each postoperative period. The relative risks of recurrence as indicated by preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters were determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty (17.1%) of the 117 feet showed hallux valgus recurrence at the time of the last follow-up. The hallux valgus angle and the intermetatarsal angle stabilized at 6 months after surgery in the nonrecurrence group. An immediate postoperative hallux valgus angle of \u22658\u00b0, an immediate postoperative sesamoid position of grade 4 or greater, a preoperative metatarsus adductus angle of \u226523\u00b0, and a preoperative hallux valgus angle of \u226540\u00b0 were significantly associated with recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrence of hallux valgus after a proximal chevron osteotomy can be reliably predicted from immediate postoperative non-weight-bearing radiographs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Therapeutic\n                      <jats:underline>Level III<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.16.00980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]],"date-time":"2017-07-19T12:17:52Z","timestamp":1500466672000},"page":"1190-1197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Recurrence of Hallux Valgus Can Be Predicted from Immediate Postoperative Non-Weight-Bearing Radiographs"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Chul Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2384-5818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woo-Chun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Foot and Ankle Center, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"bib1-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.1025","article-title":"Proximal spherical metatarsal osteotomy for the foot with severe hallux valgus","volume":"29","author":"Tanaka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib2-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200709000-00001","article-title":"Hallux valgus and first ray mobility. A prospective study","volume":"89","author":"Coughlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib3-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274010-00016","article-title":"Repair of hallux valgus with a distal soft-tissue procedure and proximal metatarsal osteotomy. A long-term follow-up","volume":"74","author":"Mann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib4-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00796","article-title":"Postoperative incomplete reduction of the sesamoids as a risk factor for recurrence of hallux valgus","volume":"91","author":"Okuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib5-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070102201007","article-title":"Crescentic proximal metatarsal osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus: a mean 12.2 year follow-up study","volume":"22","author":"Veri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"7-8","key":"bib6-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00013769","article-title":"Moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity: correction with proximal crescentic osteotomy and distal soft-tissue release","volume":"120","author":"Zettl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg."},{"key":"bib7-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-70","article-title":"Hallux valgus angle as main predictor for correction of hallux valgus","volume":"9","author":"Deenik","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib8-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.0664","article-title":"Proximal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus: comparison of outcome for moderate and severe deformities","volume":"29","author":"Okuda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9-20230810","first-page":"381","article-title":"[Evaluation of the Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus related to distal metatarsal articular angle: a prospective study of 79 operated cases]","volume":"85","author":"Bonnel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib10-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-84-5-208","article-title":"Characteristics of adolescent hallux abducto valgus. A retrospective review","volume":"84","author":"Pontious","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib11-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200710000-00010","article-title":"The shape of the lateral edge of the first metatarsal head as a risk factor for recurrence of hallux valgus","volume":"89","author":"Okuda","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib12-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1108","article-title":"Sample size requirements for estimating intraclass correlations with desired precision","volume":"21","author":"Bonett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib13-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00483","article-title":"Radiographic measurements in patients with hallux valgus before and after proximal crescentic osteotomy","volume":"91","author":"Shima","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib14-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.33B3.376","article-title":"Observations on hallux valgus; based on a controlled series","volume":"33-B","author":"Hardy","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib15-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400401","article-title":"First metatarsal head-shaft angle: a method of determination","volume":"14","author":"Richardson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Foot Ankle."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib16-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-73-12-620","article-title":"A simplified metatarsus adductus angle","volume":"73","author":"Engel","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Podiatry Assoc."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib17-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00236-3","article-title":"A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis","volume":"49","author":"Peduzzi","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"bib18-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000153280.67642.b8","article-title":"Proximal metatarsal osteotomy: relation between 1- to greater than 3-years results","volume":"435","author":"Okuda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib19-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-1822-8","article-title":"Plate fixation for proximal chevron osteotomy has greater risk for hallux valgus recurrence than Kirschner wire fixation","volume":"37","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Orthop."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib20-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.05.004","article-title":"Can double osteotomy be a solution for adult hallux valgus deformity with an increased distal metatarsal articular angle?","volume":"55","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib21-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B5.30181","article-title":"A comparison of proximal and distal chevron osteotomy for the correction of moderate hallux valgus deformity","volume":"95-B","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib22-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640100289","article-title":"Surgery for hallux valgus. The expectations of patients and surgeons","volume":"25","author":"Schneider","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Orthop."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.76B2.8113277","article-title":"Basal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus","volume":"76","author":"Borton","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib24-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0361","article-title":"Bunion surgery using locking-plate fixation of proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomies","volume":"28","author":"Gallentine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib25-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B7.15108","article-title":"Chevron osteotomy in hallux valgus. Ten-year results of 112 cases","volume":"86","author":"Schneider","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib26-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2009.1154","article-title":"Comparison of the proximal chevron and Ludloff osteotomies for the correction of hallux valgus","volume":"30","author":"Choi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib27-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-0958-z","article-title":"Mid-term results of Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus","volume":"34","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Orthop."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib28-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070202300808","article-title":"Intra- and inter-observer reliability of the distal metatarsal articular angle in adult hallux valgus","volume":"23","author":"Chi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib29-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1053\/jfas.2003.50002","article-title":"A radiographic study of the relationship between metatarsus adductus and hallux valgus","volume":"42","author":"Ferrari","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib30-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-82-12-616","article-title":"Metatarsus adductus and selected radiographic measurements of the first ray in normal feet","volume":"82","author":"Griffiths","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib31-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070102200503","article-title":"Roger A. Mann Award. The reliability of angular measurements in hallux valgus deformities","volume":"22","author":"Coughlin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200303000-00015","article-title":"Reproducibility of the radiographic metatarsophalangeal angle in hallux surgery","volume":"85","author":"Schneider","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib33-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079101200101","article-title":"The Akin procedure: an analysis of results","volume":"12","author":"Frey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Foot Ankle."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib34-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769010-00011","article-title":"Late results after correction of hallux valgus deformity by basilar phalangeal osteotomy","volume":"69","author":"Goldberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib35-20230810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19900901-11","article-title":"Results of Akin type proximal phalangeal osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity","volume":"13","author":"Plattner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Orthopedics."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00004623-201707190-00005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:40:24Z","timestamp":1787751624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00004623-201707190-00005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.16.00980","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9355","1535-1386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9355","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-1386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]]}}}