{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:11:50Z","timestamp":1792455110523,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients are commonly advised to wear a sling for 4 to 6 weeks after rotator cuff repair despite negative effects of early immobilization and benefits of motion rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic outcomes up to 6 months following rotator cuff repair with and without postoperative sling immobilization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We randomized 80 patients scheduled for arthroscopic repair of a small or medium superior rotator cuff tear into sling and no-sling groups (40 patients each). Passive mobilization was performed in both groups during the first 4 postoperative weeks, and this was followed by progressive active mobilization. Patients were evaluated clinically at 10 days and 1.5, 3, and 6 months and using ultrasound at 6 months. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine if postoperative scores were associated with sex, age at surgery, immobilization, arm dominance, a biceps procedure, resection of the distal part of the clavicle, or preoperative scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sling and no-sling groups had similar preoperative patient characteristics, function, and adjuvant procedures. At 10 days, there was no difference in pain between the 2 groups (mean pain score [and standard deviation], 5.2 \u00b1 2.3 versus 5.2 \u00b1 1.9, p = 0.996). In comparison with the sling group, the no-sling group showed greater mean external rotation (23.5\u00b0 \u00b1 15.6\u00b0 versus 15.3\u00b0 \u00b1 14.6\u00b0, p = 0.017) and active elevation (110.9\u00b0 \u00b1 31.9\u00b0 versus 97.0\u00b0 \u00b1 25.0\u00b0, p = 0.038) at 1.5 months as well as better mean active elevation (139.0\u00b0 \u00b1 24.7\u00b0 versus 125.8\u00b0 \u00b1 24.4\u00b0, p = 0.015) and internal rotation (T12 or above in 50% versus 28%, p = 0.011) at 3 months. Ultrasound evaluation revealed no significant differences at 6 months in tendon thickness anteriorly (p = 0.472) or posteriorly (p = 0.639), bursitis (p = 1.000), echogenicity (p = 0.422), or repair integrity (p = 0.902). Multivariable analyses confirmed that the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score increased with patient age (beta, 0.60; p = 0.009), the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) decreased with sling immobilization (beta, \u22126.33; p = 0.014), and pain increased with sling immobilization (beta, 0.77; p = 0.022).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No immobilization after rotator cuff repair is associated with better early mobility and functional scores in comparison with sling immobilization. Postoperative immobilization with a sling may therefore not be required for patients treated for a small or medium tendon tear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Therapeutic\n                      <jats:underline>Level I<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.18.00773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T14:49:42Z","timestamp":1554475782000},"page":"494-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Postoperative Mobilization After Superior Rotator Cuff Repair: Sling Versus No Sling"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0491-7428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Tirefort","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8212-1812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrien J.","family":"Schwitzguebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5035-5625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Prive\u0301 Saint-Gre\u0301goire (Vivalto Sante\u0301), Saint-Gre\u0301goire, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6753-7721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4125-8046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantal","family":"Plomb-Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2511-3568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"L\u00e4dermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, La Tour Hospital, Meyrin, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"bib1-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.05.021","article-title":"Delayed versus early motion after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.08.023","article-title":"Shoulder stiffness after rotator cuff repair: risk factors and influence on outcome","volume":"29","author":"Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.05.003","article-title":"Immediate passive motion versus immobilization after endoscopic supraspinatus tendon repair: a prospective randomized study","volume":"98","author":"Arndt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib4-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(99)90148-9","article-title":"Age-related prevalence of rotator cuff tears in asymptomatic shoulders","volume":"8","author":"Tempelhof","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib5-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215509102952","article-title":"Early loading in physiotherapy treatment after full-thickness rotator cuff repair: a prospective randomized pilot-study with a two-year follow-up","volume":"23","author":"Klintberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(96)80025-5","article-title":"Strength after surgical repair of the rotator cuff","volume":"5","author":"Rokito","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200107000-00011","article-title":"Prospective longitudinal analysis of postoperative shoulder function: a ten-year follow-up study of full-thickness rotator cuff tears","volume":"83","author":"Galatz","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2005.06.008","article-title":"Mini-incision rotator cuff repair: a longitudinal assessment with no deterioration of result up to nine years","volume":"15","author":"Zandi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"16","key":"bib9-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01267","article-title":"Ten-year multicenter clinical and MRI evaluation of isolated supraspinatus repairs","volume":"99","author":"Collin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i2.211","article-title":"Factors affecting healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair","volume":"6","author":"Abtahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11-20230811","first-page":"1229","article-title":"Arthroscopic repair of full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus: does the tendon really heal?","volume":"87","author":"Boileau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib12-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200402000-00002","article-title":"The outcome and repair integrity of completely arthroscopically repaired large and massive rotator cuff tears","volume":"86","author":"Galatz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib13-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173070-00004","article-title":"Repairs of the rotator cuff. Correlation of functional results with integrity of the cuff","volume":"73","author":"Harryman","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib14-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511434287","article-title":"Is early passive motion exercise necessary after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair?","volume":"40","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4276-x","article-title":"Critical period and risk factors for retear following arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff","volume":"25","author":"Barth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib16-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.01.013","article-title":"Prevention and management of stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: systematic review and implications for rotator cuff healing","volume":"27","author":"Denard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738108331200","article-title":"Rotator cuff repair rehabilitation: a level I and II systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Baumgarten","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib18-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.08.014","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of clinical and radiologic factors predicting return to activity within 6 months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair","volume":"24","author":"Collin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib19-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2015.08.017","article-title":"Immobilization after rotator cuff repair: what evidence do we have now?","volume":"47","author":"Hsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am."},{"issue":"14","key":"bib20-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00399","article-title":"A survey of expert opinion regarding rotator cuff repair","volume":"96","author":"Acevedo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"bib21-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-014-0327-y","article-title":"Does immobilization position after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair impact work quality or comfort?","volume":"98","author":"Gumina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib22-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00034","article-title":"Rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a prospective randomized trial of immobilization compared with early motion","volume":"96","author":"Keener","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2003.11.042","article-title":"Transtendon arthroscopic repair of partial-thickness, articular surface tears of the rotator cuff","volume":"20","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib24-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-095963","article-title":"Effectiveness of early compared with conservative rehabilitation for patients having rotator cuff repair surgery: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"52","author":"Mazuquin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib25-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2016.10.017","article-title":"The effect of early range of motion on quality of life, clinical outcome, and repair integrity after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair","volume":"33","author":"Mazzocca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib26-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364617695882","article-title":"Use of a shoulder abduction brace after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a study on gait performance and falls","volume":"42","author":"Sonoda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib27-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517692543","article-title":"Early versus delayed motion after rotator cuff repair: a systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses","volume":"45","author":"Houck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib28-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.07.009","article-title":"Range of motion limitation after rotator cuff repair","volume":"19","author":"Namdari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib29-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B9.35250","article-title":"Early mobilisation following mini-open rotator cuff repair: a randomised control trial","volume":"97-B","author":"Sheps","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib30-20230811","first-page":"485","article-title":"Passive mobilization after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is not detrimental in the early postoperative period","volume":"81","author":"De Roo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib31-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2014.13.0125","article-title":"Effects of slow and accelerated rehabilitation protocols on range of motion after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair","volume":"48","author":"D\u00fczg\u00fcn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib32-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2015.1025683","article-title":"Early versus delayed rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Gallagher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib33-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2009.12.001","article-title":"Rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair","volume":"29","author":"Koo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib34-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.07.007","article-title":"Reduction of postoperative stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: results of a customized physical therapy regimen based on risk factors for stiffness","volume":"27","author":"Koo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib35-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.04.006","article-title":"Does slower rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair lead to long-term stiffness?","volume":"19","author":"Parsons","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib36-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01121","article-title":"The effect of postoperative passive motion on rotator cuff healing in a rat model","volume":"91","author":"Peltz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib37-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-01-1","article-title":"Rehabilitation following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a review of current literature","volume":"22","author":"Ross","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib38-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738115576729","article-title":"A comparison of rehabilitation methods after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Yi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib39-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466040-00011","article-title":"Results of a second attempt at surgical repair of a failed initial rotator-cuff repair","volume":"66","author":"DeOrio","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib40-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(99)90097-6","article-title":"Fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff: assessment by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"8","author":"Fuchs","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"key":"bib41-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199407000-00014","article-title":"Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures. Pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan","volume":"304","author":"Goutallier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib42-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-018-1707-9","article-title":"ArthroPlanner: a surgical planning solution for acromioplasty","volume":"13","author":"Charbonnier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg."},{"key":"bib43-20230811","first-page":"16","article-title":"Tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii: tenotomy versus tenodesis?","volume":"2","author":"Cunningham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leading Opinion."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib44-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.12.023","article-title":"Posterosuperior rotator cuff repair by an independent double-row technique. Technical note and radiological and clinical results","volume":"102","author":"Collin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib45-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270021701","article-title":"Comparison of the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation method and two shoulder rating scales. Outcomes measures after shoulder surgery","volume":"27","author":"Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib46-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80019-0","article-title":"A standardized method for the assessment of shoulder function","volume":"3","author":"Richards","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"8S","key":"bib47-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.07.011","article-title":"An orthopaedic surgeon\u2019s guide to ultrasound imaging of the healthy, pathological and postoperative shoulder","volume":"104","author":"Plomb-Holmes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib48-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3505-z","article-title":"Ultrasonic evaluation of the repair integrity can predict functional outcomes after arthroscopic double-row rotator cuff repair","volume":"23","author":"Barth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib49-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.06.006","article-title":"Evaluating postoperative rotator cuff healing: prospective comparison of MRI and ultrasound","volume":"101","author":"Collin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib50-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967116684775","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116684775","article-title":"Postoperative rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair: a web-based survey of AANA and AOSSM members","volume":"5","author":"Mollison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib51-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2011.2386","article-title":"Comparison of slow and accelerated rehabilitation protocol after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: pain and functional activity","volume":"45","author":"D\u00fczg\u00fcn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib52-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514552802","article-title":"Early versus delayed passive range of motion after rotator cuff repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Kluczynski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib53-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01741","article-title":"Effect of immobilization without passive exercise after rotator cuff repair: randomized clinical trial comparing four and eight weeks of immobilization","volume":"96","author":"Koh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib54-20230811","first-page":"214","article-title":"Early results of continuous passive motion after rotator cuff repair: a prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled study","volume":"25","author":"Raab","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib55-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.04.004","article-title":"Does early motion lead to a higher failure rate or better outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair? A systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses","volume":"26","author":"Saltzman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib56-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.126767","article-title":"Intratendinous strain fields of the supraspinatus tendon: effect of a surgically created articular-surface rotator cuff tear","volume":"11","author":"Bey","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib57-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514544698","article-title":"Early versus delayed passive range of motion exercise for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"43","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib58-20230811","first-page":"8329","article-title":"Rehabilitation protocol after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: early versus delayed motion","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib59-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2721075","article-title":"Long durations of immobilization in the rat result in enhanced mechanical properties of the healing supraspinatus tendon insertion site","volume":"129","author":"Gimbel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib60-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9462-7","article-title":"Rotator cuff repair: post-operative rehabilitation concepts","volume":"11","author":"Sgroi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib61-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.07.012","article-title":"Effect of two rehabilitation protocols on range of motion and healing rates after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: aggressive versus limited early passive exercises","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib62-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.01.025","article-title":"Prospective randomized study of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using an early versus delayed postoperative physical therapy protocol","volume":"21","author":"Cuff","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib63-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.03.010","article-title":"Correlation between American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation score after rotator cuff or SLAP repair","volume":"31","author":"Cunningham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00004623-201903200-00003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:35:46Z","timestamp":1787751346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00004623-201903200-00003"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Prospective Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.18.00773","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9355","1535-1386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9355","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-1386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]]}}}