{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:57:03Z","timestamp":1792443423764,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a condition of lateral hip pain. Its physiopathology remains unknown, and there is no consensus on optimal management. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of electromagnetic-focused extracorporeal shockwave treatment (F-ESWT) in patients with GTPS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This multicenter clinical trial included 103 patients with chronic GTPS randomly assigned to the treatment group, consisting of electromagnetic F-ESWT and a specific exercise protocol, or the control group, receiving sham F-ESWT and the same exercise protocol. Both groups were treated with 3 weekly sessions; the F-ESWT group received an energy flux density of 0.20 mJ\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , whereas the control group received 0.01 mJ\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Patients were assessed at baseline and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after treatment. A visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain at 2 months was the primary outcome. The Harris hip score (HHS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), EuroQoL-5 Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D), and Roles and Maudsley score were used as secondary outcomes. Complications were recorded.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean VAS score decreased from 6.3 at baseline in both groups to 2.0 in the F-ESWT group versus 4.7 in the control group at 2 months; the 2-month score differed significantly between groups (p &lt; 0.001). All secondary outcomes at all follow-up intervals were significantly better in the F-ESWT group, except for the LEFS score at 1 month after treatment (p = 0.25). No complications were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>F-ESWT in association with a specific exercise program is safe and effective for GTPS, with a success rate of 86.8% at 2 months after treatment, which was maintained until the end of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Therapeutic\n                      <jats:underline>Level I<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T11:04:07Z","timestamp":1612177447000},"page":"1305-1311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Focused Shockwave Treatment for Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9696-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Ramon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) (S. Ramon and R.d.U.) and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Instituto Cugat (R.C. and R.S.), Quir\u00f3nsalud Hospital, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Garcia Cugat Foundation\u2013CEU, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2446-7417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9864-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Santoboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (F.S., M.V., R.B., G.S., S.-M.N., and M.-C.V.), and Department of Statistics (R.B.), Sapienza University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6070-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Lucenteforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Catania. 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Ramon and R.d.U.) and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Instituto Cugat (R.C. and R.S.), Quir\u00f3nsalud Hospital, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Garcia Cugat Foundation\u2013CEU, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mutualitat Catalana de Futbolistes, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9130-2607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Stella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (F.S., M.V., R.B., G.S., S.-M.N., and M.-C.V.), and Department of Statistics (R.B.), Sapienza University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0392-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Balato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1854-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Seijas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) (S. 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