{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T23:57:37Z","timestamp":1793404657215,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"plain\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u27a4 A 3-phase bone scan is a potential first-line nuclear medicine study for pain after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) when there is concern for periprosthetic joint infection or aseptic loosening.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u27a4 In patients who have a positive bone scintigraphy result and suspected infection of the joint, but where aspiration or other studies are inconclusive, labeled leukocyte scintigraphy with bone marrow imaging may be of benefit.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u27a4 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while not a nuclear medicine study, also shows promise and has the advantage of providing information about the soft tissues around a total joint replacement.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u27a4 Radiotracer uptake patterns in scintigraphy are affected by the prosthesis (total knee arthroplasty [TKA] versus total hip arthroplasty [THA]) and the use of cement.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u27a4 Nuclear medicine scans may be ordered 1 year postoperatively but may have positive findings that are due to normal physiologic bone remodeling. Nuclear studies may be falsely positive for up to 2 years after TJA.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          \u27a4 Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) combined with computed tomography (CT) (SPECT\/CT), fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (\n                          <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                          F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)\/CT, and MRI show promise; however, more studies are needed to better define their role in the diagnostic workup of pain after TJA.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T15:57:51Z","timestamp":1608825471000},"page":"359-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Nuclear Medicine Scans in Total Joint Replacement"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0243-5748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Pinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2040-8188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia F.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0195-495X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Estok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9392-7005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Kavolus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"bib1-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01617","article-title":"Projected volume of primary total joint arthroplasty in the U.S., 2014 to 2030","volume":"100","author":"Sloan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.11.023","article-title":"Persistent pain after joint replacement: prevalence, sensory qualities, and postoperative determinants","volume":"152","author":"Wylde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"bib3-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S137892","article-title":"Clinical relevance of persistent postoperative pain after total hip replacement - a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Erlenwein","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0222370","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222370","article-title":"Prognostics for pain in osteoarthritis: do clinical measures predict pain after total joint replacement?","volume":"15","author":"Barroso","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6-20250502","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000435","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000435","article-title":"What proportion of patients report long-term pain after total hip or knee replacement for osteoarthritis? 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