{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:04:08Z","timestamp":1791925448745,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although the majority of patients who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, some patients develop severe symptoms that can permanently detract from their quality of life. SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to SARS-CoV-1, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Both viruses infect the respiratory system, and there are direct and indirect effects of this infection on multiple organ systems, including the musculoskeletal system. Epidemiological data from the SARS pandemic of 2002 to 2004 identified myalgias, muscle dysfunction, osteoporosis, and osteonecrosis as common sequelae in patients with moderate and severe forms of this disease. Early studies have indicated that there is also considerable musculoskeletal dysfunction in some patients with COVID-19, although long-term follow-up studies have not yet been conducted. The purpose of this article was to summarize the known musculoskeletal pathologies in patients with SARS or COVID-19 and to combine this with computational modeling and biochemical signaling studies to predict musculoskeletal cellular targets and long-term consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T17:38:55Z","timestamp":1589996335000},"page":"1197-1204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":342,"title":["Musculoskeletal Consequences of COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4743-7475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel P.","family":"Disser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9985-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea J.","family":"De Micheli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0035-8219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin M.","family":"Schonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4893-1413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxwell A.","family":"Konnaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9048-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander N.","family":"Piacentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9153-8153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Edon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3857-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brett G.","family":"Toresdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0745-9880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott A.","family":"Rodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0139-8826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen K.","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2384-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Mendias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib2-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72\u202f314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib3-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"China Medical Treatment Expert Group for COVID-19. 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