{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:19:22Z","timestamp":1793780362641,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Off-track lesions are strongly associated with failure after arthroscopic Bankart repair. However, on-track lesions with a small distance-to-dislocation (DTD) value, or \u201cnear-track lesions,\u201d also may be at risk for failure. The purpose of the present study was to determine the association of DTD with failure after arthroscopic Bankart repair.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective analysis of 173 individuals who underwent primary arthroscopic Bankart repair between 2007 and 2015. Glenoid bone loss and Hill-Sachs lesion size were measured with use of previously reported methods. Patients with failure were defined as those who sustained a dislocation after the index procedure, whereas controls were defined as individuals who did not. DTD was defined as the distance from the medial edge of the Hill-Sachs lesion to the medial edge of the glenoid track. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for DTD to determine the critical threshold that would best predict failure. The study population was subdivided into individuals \u226520 years old and &lt;20 years old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-eight patients (16%) sustained a recurrent dislocation following Bankart repair. Increased glenoid bone loss (p &lt; 0.001), longer Hill-Sachs lesion length (p &lt; 0.001), and decreased DTD (p &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of failure. ROC curve analysis of DTD alone demonstrated that a threshold value of 8 mm could best predict failure (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73). DTD had strong predictive power (AUC = 0.84) among individuals \u226520 years old and moderate predictive power (AUC = 0.69) among individuals &lt;20 years old. Decreasing values of DTD were associated with a stepwise increase in the failure rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A \u201cnear-track\u201d lesion with a DTD of &lt;8 mm, particularly in individuals \u226520 years old, may be predictive of failure following arthroscopic Bankart repair. When using the glenoid track concept as the basis for surgical decision-making, clinicians may need to consider the DTD value as a continuous variable to estimate failure instead of using a binary on-track\/off-track designation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Prognostic\n                      <jats:underline>Level III<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of Levels of Evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T17:14:37Z","timestamp":1616692477000},"page":"961-967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["On-Track Lesions with a Small Distance to Dislocation Are Associated with Failure After Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1826-4365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Orthopaedics, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6619-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7820-8045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio","family":"Drummond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elan","family":"Golan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northside Orthopaedic Specialists, Snellville, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9141-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Nittany Health, State College, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6035-3612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryson P.","family":"Lesniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5003-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Rodosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4204-3482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bib1-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4504-z","article-title":"Long-term results of arthroscopic Bankart repair: minimum 10 years of follow-up","volume":"26","author":"Flinkkil\u00e4","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.11.004","article-title":"Primary repair versus conservative treatment of first-time traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder: a randomized study with 10-year follow-up","volume":"23","author":"Jakobsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib3-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506295179","article-title":"The incidence and characteristics of shoulder instability at the United States Military Academy","volume":"35","author":"Owens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib4-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01327","article-title":"Functional outcome and risk of recurrent instability after primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in young patients","volume":"88","author":"Robinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"14","key":"bib5-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01983","article-title":"Arthroscopic Bankart repair and capsular shift for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: functional outcomes and identification of risk factors for recurrence","volume":"94","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib6-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200608000-00010","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrence of shoulder instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair","volume":"88","author":"Boileau","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib7-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517704184","article-title":"The effect of subcritical bone loss and exposure on recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair in intercollegiate American football","volume":"45","author":"Dickens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2003.11.036","article-title":"The inverted pear glenoid: an indicator of significant glenoid bone loss","volume":"20","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"key":"bib9-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00009","article-title":"Classification of glenohumeral joint instability","volume":"400","author":"Gerber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib10-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517697963","article-title":"Critical value of anterior glenoid bone loss that leads to recurrent glenohumeral instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair","volume":"45","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib11-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.12.012","article-title":"Contact between the glenoid and the humeral head in abduction, external rotation, and horizontal extension: a new concept of glenoid track","volume":"16","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib12-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515624914","article-title":"Stability of the glenohumeral joint with combined humeral head and glenoid defects: a cadaveric study","volume":"44","author":"Gottschalk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib13-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jses.2018.10.001","article-title":"Surgical decision making based on the on-track\/off-track concept for anterior shoulder instability: a case-control study","volume":"3","author":"Hatta","year":"2019","journal-title":"JSES Open Access."},{"issue":"22","key":"bib14-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.01099","article-title":"Clinical validation of the glenoid track concept in anterior glenohumeral instability","volume":"98","author":"Shaha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515578250","article-title":"Redefining \u201ccritical\u201d bone loss in shoulder instability: functional outcomes worsen with \u201csubcritical\u201d bone loss","volume":"43","author":"Shaha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib16-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.17715","article-title":"Traumatic glenohumeral bone defects and their relationship to failure of arthroscopic Bankart repairs: significance of the inverted-pear glenoid and the humeral engaging Hill-Sachs lesion","volume":"16","author":"Burkhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib17-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.02.013","article-title":"Using the \u201cHill-Sachs interval to glenoid track width ratio\u201d for prediction of recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair","volume":"104","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res."},{"issue":"15","key":"bib18-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01028","article-title":"Risk factors for failure of arthroscopic revision anterior shoulder stabilization","volume":"100","author":"Su","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib19-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510370199","article-title":"Arthroscopic repair of anterior-inferior glenohumeral instability using a portal at the 5:30-o\u2019clock position: analysis of the effects of age, fixation method, and concomitant shoulder injury on surgical outcomes","volume":"38","author":"Imhoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib20-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509348049","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of arthroscopic bankart repairs for anterior instability","volume":"38","author":"Voos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib21-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12121681","article-title":"Glenoid bone loss: assessment with MR imaging","volume":"267","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib22-20250430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518783724","article-title":"A clinical comparison of linear- and surface area\u2013based methods of measuring glenoid bone loss","volume":"46","author":"Bakshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.20.00917","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:35:59Z","timestamp":1787751359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.20.00917"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.20.00917","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9355","1535-1386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9355","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-1386","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]}}}