{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:46:43Z","timestamp":1787755603921,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osseointegration of a bone-anchored limb (BAL) establishes a direct skeletal interface for prosthesis attachment, simplifying the donning\/doffing process. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test reliably assesses mobility in individuals with lower-extremity amputation who use socket prostheses, but it does not account for the time required to don a prosthetic limb. The aim of this study was to develop and examine the reliability and validity of the Colorado Limb Donning-Timed Up and Go (COLD-TUG) test. This test combines the time required for donning a prosthesis with the time to complete the TUG test in lower-extremity amputees using a prosthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with a unilateral lower-extremity amputation were enrolled in this study; participants were divided into 2 groups: socket prosthesis users (n = 15) and BAL users (n = 22). The COLD-TUG test measured the time (in seconds) required to don the prosthesis, get up from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down again. Group differences as well as the intrarater reliability and concurrent validity of the test were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of baseline characteristics. The intrarater reliability of the COLD-TUG test was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.94; p = 0.001). The concurrent validity between the COLD-TUG test and the TUG test in BAL patients was good (r = 0.712; p = 0.006). Participants in the BAL group had a significantly shorter mean COLD-TUG time (16.6 \u00b1 5.6 seconds) compared with participants in the socket-prosthesis group (85.3 \u00b1 61.4 seconds) (p &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COLD-TUG test accurately measures prosthesis-donning burden in the context of functional mobility, thus providing valuable insights into functional abilities and quality of life. Use of a BAL was associated with a shorter donning time compared with use of a socket prosthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Prognostic\n                      <jats:underline>Level II<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.24.00871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:00:38Z","timestamp":1747144838000},"page":"1611-1619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Colorado Limb Donning-Timed Up and Go (COLD-TUG) Test in Lower-Extremity Amputation"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7525-5364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed E.","family":"Awad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7701-8834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy","family":"Lev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1314-6426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle H.","family":"Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5383-9756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kylie G.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8761-8901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter B.","family":"Thomsen-Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4556-5868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brecca M.M.","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3273-1169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cory L.","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0205-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason W.","family":"Stoneback","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1-20250716","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.08.222","article-title":"Self-management improves outcomes in persons with limb loss","volume":"90","author":"Wegener","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med 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