{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:37:30Z","timestamp":1787755050512,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JBJS Case Connector"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neglected medial epicondylar fractures with intra-articular incarceration are uncommon. At 6 weeks after an elbow dislocation, an 11-year-old child was referred to our unit with painless, restricted range of motion. Clinical assessment and radiographic imaging revealed an incarcerated medial epicondylar fragment in the ulnohumeral joint. We performed open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and transposed the ulnar nerve. The clinical and radiographic outcomes at the final follow-up were excellent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The management of neglected pediatric medial epicondylar fractures with intra-articular incarceration is challenging. Identifying the fractured fragment is essential. Although the outcome following excision is variable, children who have undergone ORIF with ulnar nerve transposition have regained full function, despite delayed reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.cc.17.00239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T16:36:15Z","timestamp":1537979775000},"page":"e69-e69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Delayed Reconstruction Following Incarceration of the Medial Epicondyle in the Elbow Joint"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7883-8696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedict","family":"Lotz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8163-2127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwasegun","family":"Akilapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karuppaiah","family":"Karthik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bib1-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-20-04-223","article-title":"Medial epicondyle fractures in the pediatric population","volume":"20","author":"Gottschalk","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib2-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B7.14505","article-title":"Dislocations of the elbow in children","volume":"86","author":"Rasool","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib3-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-014-0310-2","article-title":"Pediatric medial epicondyle fractures with intra-articular elbow incarceration","volume":"16","author":"Tarallo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib4-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000306","article-title":"The distal humerus axial view: assessment of displacement in medial epicondyle fractures","volume":"35","author":"Souder","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib5-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.11.009","article-title":"A rare case of elbow dislocation associated with unrecognized fracture of medial epicondyle and delayed ulnar neuropathy in pediatric age","volume":"22","author":"Lima","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib6-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2017.9.4.542","article-title":"A neglected markedly displaced medial epicondyle fracture with simultaneous ulnar nerve palsy in an adolescent","volume":"9","author":"El-Sobky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/BPB.0b013e32833b6032","article-title":"An elbow dislocation in a child with missed medial epicondyle fracture and late ulnar nerve palsy","volume":"19","author":"Haflah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000181","article-title":"Medial epicondyle fractures in children","volume":"27","author":"Pathy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib9-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.72B1.2298765","article-title":"Elbow dislocation with avulsion of the medial humeral epicondyle","volume":"72","author":"Fowles","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s10195-011-0155-x","article-title":"Late diagnosis of medial condyle fracture of the humerus with rotational displacement in a child","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib11-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2012.04.021","article-title":"Treatment of symptomatic medial epicondyle nonunion: case report and review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Erdil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep."}],"container-title":["JBJS Case Connector"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01709767-201809000-00025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:36:44Z","timestamp":1787751404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01709767-201809000-00025"}},"subtitle":["A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.cc.17.00239","relation":{},"ISSN":["2160-3251"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2160-3251","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}}}