{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:41:53Z","timestamp":1787755313915,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 82-year-old woman presented with right medial thigh pain. Her medical history included multiple lumbar decompression and fusion surgeries. She was diagnosed with L3 radiculopathy secondary adjacent segment disease (ASD) after lumbar fusion. Full-endoscopic spine surgery (FESS) was performed for targeted decompression. Preoperative planning was conducted using AI-assisted 3-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\/computed tomography (CT) fusion images. The procedure was completed under local anesthesia, resulting in postoperative pain relief. At the 3-year follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic with no symptom recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FESS, combined with detailed surgical planning using artificial intelligence \u2013assisted 3D MRI\/CT fusion imaging, may be an effective treatment strategy for ASD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.cc.25.00105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T19:00:41Z","timestamp":1769194841000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Full-Endoscopic Spine Surgery for Adjacent Segment Disease Using Artificial Intelligence\u2013Assisted 3-Dimensional MRI\/CT Fusion Imaging"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5261-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koyo","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8844-3476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Ukeba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Nagahama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Endoscopic Spine Surgery, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9841-5890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsuhisa","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8635-4648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5496-4046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norimasa","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bib1-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.SPINE18915","article-title":"State of the union: a review of lumbar fusion indications and techniques for degenerative spine disease","volume":"31","author":"Reid","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib2-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.12.002","article-title":"Demographic, clinical, and operative risk factors associated with postoperative adjacent segment disease in patients undergoing lumbar spine fusions: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Mesregah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"issue":"17","key":"bib3-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000137069.88904.03","article-title":"Adjacent segment disease after lumbar or lumbosacral fusion: review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib4-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200407000-00020","article-title":"Adjacent segment degeneration in the lumbar spine","volume":"86","author":"Ghisselli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"key":"bib5-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2017.02.020","article-title":"Adjacent segment disease after instrumented fusion for adult lumbar spondylolisthesis: incidence and risk factors","volume":"156","author":"Zhong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07880-5","article-title":"Risk factors for mechanical complications after fusion extension surgery for lumbar adjacent segment disease","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.11.SPINE12558","article-title":"Perioperative complications in patients undergoing open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion as a revision surgery","volume":"18","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib8-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181cf1091","article-title":"Health-related quality of life improvements in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion as a revision surgery","volume":"36","author":"Djurasovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.23736\/S0390-5616.21.05315-7","article-title":"Adjacent segment degeneration after posterolateral lumbar fusion: results and complications of posterior revision surgery","volume":"67","author":"Dantas","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci."},{"issue":"24","key":"bib10-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1461","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003191","article-title":"Comparison of stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion versus open laminectomy and posterolateral instrumented fusion in the treatment of adjacent segment disease following previous lumbar fusion surgery","volume":"44","author":"Louie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"key":"bib11-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.01.209","article-title":"Transforaminal endoscopic decompression for lumbar lateral recess stenosis: an advanced surgical technique and clinical outcomes","volume":"125","author":"Ahn","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib12-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-932172","article-title":"A new full-endoscopic technique for the interlaminar operation of lumbar disc herniations using 6-mm endoscopes: prospective 2-year results of 331 patients","volume":"49","author":"Ruetten","year":"2006","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib13-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816c8af7","article-title":"Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study","volume":"33","author":"Ruetten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib14-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104808","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of full endoscopic versus open discectomy for sciatica","volume":"56","author":"Gadjradj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"bib15-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.14444\/1022","article-title":"Endoscopic foraminal decompression for failed back surgery syndrome under local anesthesia","volume":"8","author":"Yeung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg."},{"key":"bib16-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.10.120","article-title":"Duckbill release technique for the outside-in method in full-endoscopic spine surgery via transforaminal approach: a technical note","volume":"193","author":"Ukeba","year":"2025","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib17-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06916-y","article-title":"Morphological analysis of Kambin's triangle using 3D CT\/MRI fusion imaging of lumbar nerve root created automatically with artificial intelligence","volume":"30","author":"Yamada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"bib18-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.08.229","article-title":"Technical considerations of the transforaminal approach for lumbar disk herniation","volume":"145","author":"Ju","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib19-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050860","article-title":"Evaluation of surgical indications for full endoscopic discectomy at lumbosacral disc levels using three-dimensional magnetic resonance\/computed tomography fusion images created with artificial intelligence","volume":"59","author":"Yamada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib20-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.02.008","article-title":"Hidden blood loss during posterior spine fusion surgery","volume":"13","author":"Smorgick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"bib21-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.168","article-title":"Revision strategy of symptomatic lumbar adjacent segment degeneration: full endoscopic decompression versus extended posterior interbody fusion","volume":"142","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib22-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309499020960560","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499020960560","article-title":"Treatment of adjacent segment disease with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy: early experience and results","volume":"28","author":"Kapetanakis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2019.08.04","article-title":"A less invasive treatment by a full-endoscopic spine surgery for adjacent segment disease after lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"6","author":"I wai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Spine Surg."},{"key":"bib24-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198901000-00004","article-title":"Percutaneous lumbar discectomy. Review of 100 patients and current practice","volume":"238","author":"Kambin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib25-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-9430(01)00153-X","article-title":"Transforaminal endoscopic decompression for radiculopathy secondary to intracanal noncontained lumbar disc herniations: outcome and technique","volume":"2","author":"Tsou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib26-20260123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2849-7","article-title":"Exiting root injury in transforaminal endoscopic discectomy: preoperative image considerations for safety","volume":"22","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."}],"container-title":["JBJS Case Connector"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.CC.25.00105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:41:04Z","timestamp":1787751664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.CC.25.00105"}},"subtitle":["A Case Report"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.cc.25.00105","relation":{},"ISSN":["2160-3251"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2160-3251","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}}}