{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:49:02Z","timestamp":1787755742530,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) is used by orthopaedic residency training programs to evaluate the knowledge base of orthopaedic surgery trainees and to predict future performance on the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) certifying exams. The pathology section of the OITE has changed over the years, both in terms of the content assessed and the format of the questions. This study aims to describe such trends.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analyzed OITE questions from 2012 to 2023, focusing on tumors and tumor-like conditions of bone and soft tissue to guide resident preparation and core curriculum design. Questions were categorized by histologic photomicrographs, preferred responses, possible options, and implied entities. Additionally, questions were classified into four domains: diagnosis, treatment, next step, and multifactorial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tumor-related questions constituted 10\u201316% of each OITE, with an equal number of questions concerning benign and malignant entities. Bone tumor questions averaged nine per year, while soft tissue tumor questions averaged four. The most frequently tested bone tumors were osteosarcoma and giant cell tumor, while pleomorphic sarcoma and liposarcoma were the most frequently tested malignant soft tissue tumors. Metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and osteonecrosis were also frequently tested. Histologic photomicrographs were included in 120 questions over the study period, with osteosarcoma being the most depicted. A shift in question focus was observed, with diagnosis questions declining in favor of treatment and next-step management questions in recent years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings provide a comprehensive overview of tumor-related content on the OITE, highlighting trends in question composition and format. This information can guide program directors in designing curricula that align with tested material, ensuring residents are well-prepared for both the OITE and ABOS exams. Emphasizing highyield topics and adapting to evolving question patterns can optimize educational outcomes and improve board pass rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.oa.24.00250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T14:29:24Z","timestamp":1746109764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Tumor and Tumor-Like Entities Tested on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination From 2012 to 2023"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7967-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Presbyterian, Lower Manhattan Hospital, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, One Brooklyn Health System, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7091-3345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Braden","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Presbyterian, Lower Manhattan Hospital, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, One Brooklyn Health System, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3336-0999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eli","family":"Bryk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Presbyterian, Lower Manhattan Hospital, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5220-4676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Vigorita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Presbyterian, Lower Manhattan Hospital, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Weil Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"R1-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0235-2","article-title":"Analysis of the pathology section of the OITE will aid in trainee preparation","volume":"466","author":"Frassica","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"R2-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00457","article-title":"Utility of AAOS OITE scores in predicting ABOS Part I outcomes: AAOS exhibit selection","volume":"95","author":"Swanson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"24","key":"R3-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1370","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-01019","article-title":"Do orthopaedic in-training examination scores predict the likelihood of passing the American board of orthopaedic surgery Part I examination? An update with 2014 to 2018 data","volume":"29","author":"Fritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R4-20250501","first-page":"238","article-title":"Predictive measures of a resident's performance on written Orthopaedic Board scores","volume":"31","author":"Dyrstad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"issue":"10","key":"R5-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1327-3","article-title":"Do scores of the USMLE Step 1 and OITE correlate with the ABOS Part I certifying examination?: a multicenter study","volume":"468","author":"Dougherty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"R6-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2021.04.022","article-title":"Orthopaedic in-training exam preparation among orthopaedic surgery residency programs","volume":"78","author":"Rowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"12","key":"R9-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e532","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00271","article-title":"The changing nature of the oncology section of the orthopaedic in-training examination","volume":"28","author":"Schultz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"R10-20250501","first-page":"e318","article-title":"Analysis of questions in sections of the orthopaedic in-training examination: a scoping Review","volume":"31","author":"Constantinescu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"R11-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-020-01840-z","article-title":"Updated analysis of the oncology section of the OITE from 2007 to 2019","volume":"36","author":"Hoskins","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cancer Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"R12-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2013.04.002","article-title":"The orthopaedic in-training examination: perspectives of program directors and residents from the United States and Canada","volume":"70","author":"Evaniew","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"R13-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2020.11.012","article-title":"Analysis of the OITE oncology section: an updated Review of years 2013 to 2019","volume":"78","author":"Gaio","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"12","key":"R14-20250501","first-page":"E185","article-title":"Orthopedic surgery residents' study habits and performance on the orthopedic in-training examination","volume":"36","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"issue":"9","key":"R15-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2010.177","article-title":"Predicting performance on the American Board of Surgery qualifying and certifying examinations: a multi-institutional study","volume":"145","author":"De Virgilio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"R16-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.04.032","article-title":"The relationship between ACR diagnostic radiology in-training examination scores and ABR core examination outcome and performance: a multi-institutional study","volume":"17","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R17-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-1974-3","article-title":"Do USMLE steps, and OITE score predict the American board of internal medicine certifying exam results?","volume":"20","author":"Rayamajhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"R18-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-15-00408.1","article-title":"CREOG in-training examination results: contemporary use to predict ABOG written examination outcomes","volume":"8","author":"Lingenfelter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Grad Med Educ"},{"issue":"12","key":"R19-20250501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2000.18275","article-title":"A comparison of performance on the OMSITE and ABOMS written qualifying examination. Oral and maxillofacial surgery in-training examination. American board of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":"58","author":"Ellis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["JBJS Open Access"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.OA.24.00250","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:48:02Z","timestamp":1787752082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.OA.24.00250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.oa.24.00250","relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-7245"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-7245","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}}}