{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:41:29Z","timestamp":1787755289725,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthopaedic surgery remains one of the most competitive specialties. Osteopathic candidates have recently matched at lower rates than allopathic students. One disparity that may exist is research, which has become a critical component of candidate applications. The aim of this study was to examine the representation of osteopathic-affiliated first authors, senior authors, and overall osteopathic-affiliated authors, in the top 25 leading US orthopaedic journals published between 2000 and 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective bibliometric review was conducted on articles published from 2000 to 2024 in orthopaedic journals. Journals were selected based on their h-index score. Institutional affiliations were used to identify osteopathic authors. Articles with a majority of authors from foreign institutions were excluded. T-tests and chi-squared tests were used to assess continuous and categorical variables. Multivariate regression identified factors influencing osteopathic authorship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine hundred fifty-eight articles included osteopathic authors. 570 of 958 articles with osteopathic authors were published after the American Osteopathic Association-American Council for Graduate Medical Education (AOA-ACGME) merger. Senior osteopathic authorship significantly increased the osteopathic author makeup of articles, with the average number of osteopathic authors per article increasing from 0.02 to 2.93 (p &lt; 0.001). After the merger, articles with at least 1 osteopathic author increased from 1.5% of all articles to 3.3% of all articles (p &lt; 0.001). When looking at only osteopathic articles before and after the merger, there was a significant increase from 1.82 to 2.22 osteopathic authors per article (p &lt; 0.001). Senior osteopathic authorship was also found to significantly increase the odds of having a first osteopathic author (OR: 213.34; 95% CI [165.65, 275.64]; p &lt; 0.001). The merger has significantly increased the odds of having at least 1 osteopathic author in an article (OR: 2.02; 95% CI [1.76, 2.31]; p &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteopathic physicians, students, and institutions remain underrepresented in orthopaedic literature. However, the presence of senior osteopathic authors and the AOA-ACGME merger have positively influenced osteopathic authorship. These findings suggest that reducing the divide between osteopathic and allopathic education, along with enhancing osteopathic mentorship, may help address academic disparities in orthopaedics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:underline>Level III<\/jats:underline>\n                      ; Retrospective comparative study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.oa.25.00054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T18:03:32Z","timestamp":1753812212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Osteopathic Representation in Orthopaedic Literature: A 25-Year Analysis of Publication Trends of Former AOA Residency Programs and Osteopathic Medical Schools"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9461-6951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibraheem","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Glen Head, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3291-9700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Troy B.","family":"Puga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5487-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Drawbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0856-5987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"Muncy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4527-1747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John T.","family":"Riehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"R1-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2022.03.028","article-title":"The 2022 orthopaedic surgery residency match leaves many qualified candidates unmatched","volume":"38","author":"Lubowitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"3","key":"R2-20250729","first-page":"e23.00045","article-title":"A comparison of match rates to orthopaedic surgery residency programs between first-time versus repeat applicants: an analysis of the national resident matching program data from 2018 to 2022","volume":"8","author":"Dhillon","year":"2023","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"R3-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20.00043","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.OA.20.00043","article-title":"The fate of unmatched orthopaedic applicants: risk factors and outcomes","volume":"5","author":"Kheir","year":"2020","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"R4-20250729","first-page":"e24.00027","article-title":"Osteopathic students have decreased match rates in orthopaedic surgery compared with allopathic students","volume":"9","author":"Modica","year":"2024","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"issue":"6","key":"R5-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.19.00930","article-title":"Current trends in orthopaedic surgery residency applications and match rates","volume":"102","author":"Trikha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"R6-20250729","first-page":"e56210","article-title":"Orthopedic surgery matched applicants are publishing more: a bibliometric analysis of research output","volume":"16","author":"Abbas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"R7-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000002373","article-title":"Which application factors are associated with outstanding performance in orthopaedic surgery residency?","volume":"481","author":"Su","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"R8-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e274","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-24-00421","article-title":"The path to success: an analysis of the subjective and objective characteristics of orthopaedic surgery applicants with program director insight","volume":"33","author":"Tishad","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"R9-20250729","first-page":"e46384","article-title":"Analysis of research productivity of orthopedic surgery residency applicants","volume":"15","author":"Adeyeri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"R10-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2021.02.006","article-title":"The impact of the ACGME\/AOA single accreditation system on osteopathic surgical specialties, residents, and DO students","volume":"78","author":"Cummings","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"R11-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.10.002","article-title":"Attitudes toward allopathic and osteopathic candidates in the dermatologic residency application process","volume":"41","author":"Tvedten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"R12-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20240913-01","article-title":"Peer-reviewed publications by successfully matched orthopedic surgery residency applicants in the 2022-2023 match","volume":"47","author":"Brenner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"1","key":"R13-20250729","first-page":"19","article-title":"Current state of research gap-years in orthopedic surgery residency applicants: program directors' perspectives","volume":"42","author":"Cotter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J."},{"issue":"14","key":"R14-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e620","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00424","article-title":"A focused gap year program in orthopaedic research: an 18-year experience","volume":"28","author":"Egol","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"R22-20250729","first-page":"1","article-title":"The SCImago journal & country Rank and the JBRA","volume":"23","author":"Souza","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBRA Assist Reprod."},{"key":"R23-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-632","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis of regional Latin America's scientific output in public health through SCImago journal & country Rank","volume":"14","author":"Zacca-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"R24-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP762","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjae157","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of the 100 most-cited articles on otoplasty","volume":"44","author":"Arif","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J."},{"issue":"1","key":"R26-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000892","article-title":"Osteopathic students' graduate medical education aspirations versus realities: the relationship of osteopathic medicine and primary care","volume":"91","author":"Cummings","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"R27-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2022-0116","article-title":"Barriers to research opportunities among osteopathic medical students","volume":"123","author":"Ho","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Osteopath Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"R28-20250729","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2202-9219","article-title":"Identifying barriers faced by applicants without a home residency program when matching into plastic surgery","volume":"51","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg."}],"container-title":["JBJS Open Access"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.OA.25.00054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:40:41Z","timestamp":1787751641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.OA.25.00054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.oa.25.00054","relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-7245"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-7245","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}