{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T02:23:13Z","timestamp":1790043793899,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vertebral body tethering (VBT) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is an alternative to posterior fusion. There are limited prospective, multicenter data available on VBT following US Food and Drug Administration approval. We hypothesize that curve correction on first postoperative standing (first erect, FE) imaging is associated with higher rates of successful correction at final follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All qualifying patients with AIS who underwent thoracic and lumbar VBT between 2019 and 2022 were prospectively enrolled from 9 institutions. Radiographic and clinical data were compared preoperatively, at FE, and at final follow-up with minimum of 2 years. Success was defined as major curve magnitude of \u226435\u00b0 at final follow-up and no fusion surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred twenty-seven patients were enrolled (79.5% female), with mean follow-up 2.4 years. Mean age at surgery was 12.9 \u00b1 1.4 years, most had bone age of Sanders 4 or lower (93\/112, 83.0%). In average, 7.6 \u00b1 1.7 levels were tethered. Mean preoperative major curve magnitude was 50 \u00b1 8\u00b0, with mean initial correction at FE of 29 \u00b1 8\u00b0 (% correction, 39 \u00b1 18%). At final follow-up, mean curve magnitude was maintained at 26 \u00b1 11\u00b0 (% correction, 45 \u00b1 23%) despite 29% of tether breakage. Patients who had mean FE curve magnitude of \u226435\u00b0 were 88% successful compared with only 60% in those with &gt;35\u00b0 on FE (p = 0.0021). Patients showed stable sagittal alignment across all timepoints. Scoliosis Research Society-22 scores improved significantly by 2 years (p &lt; 0.0001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was the first prospective, multicenter study to assess outcomes of VBT for patients with AIS. VBT shows promise, but optimal results may depend on careful patient selection and surgical technique. FE major curve magnitude of \u226435\u00b0 was associated with 88% success rate compared with only 60% success for those with poor correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:underline>Level II<\/jats:underline>\n                      . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.oa.25.00309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T19:01:49Z","timestamp":1768330909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Outcomes of Vertebral Body Tethering in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7566-6980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans K","family":"Nugraha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9471-3794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence L.","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ochsner Children's Hospital, New Orleans, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8502-5754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel G.","family":"Hoernschemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7129-1007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4206-610X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amer F.","family":"Samdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shriners Children's Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3023-3660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Firoz","family":"Miyanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9437-7973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter O.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6542-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Noelle","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Harms Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399049","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1399049","article-title":"Prevalence of scoliosis in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"R2-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001808","article-title":"Trends in incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a modern US population-based study","volume":"41","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1711.011","article-title":"Prevalence rate of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: results of school-based screening in surabaya, Indonesia","volume":"11","author":"Komang-Agung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malaysian Orthop J."},{"issue":"24","key":"R4-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002725","article-title":"Prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the state of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"43","author":"Penha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R5-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001521","article-title":"Evidence-based indications for vertebral body tethering in spine deformity","volume":"37","author":"Sullivan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"R6-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.23.00503","article-title":"Non-fusion versus fusion surgery in pediatric idiopathic scoliosis: what trade-offs in outcomes are acceptable for the patient and family?","volume":"106","author":"Larson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg."},{"issue":"24","key":"R7-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.20.01533","article-title":"Measurable thoracic motion remains at 1 year following anterior vertebral body tethering, with sagittal motion greater than coronal motion","volume":"103","author":"Buyuk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg."},{"issue":"8","key":"R8-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e861","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002202","article-title":"Measurable lumbar motion remains 1 year after vertebral body tethering","volume":"42","author":"Mathew","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"11","key":"R9-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4049","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08480-7","article-title":"A multibody simulation of the spine for objectification of biomechanical quantities after VBT: a proof of concept and description of baseline data","volume":"33","author":"Frank","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"issue":"7","key":"R10-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816950a0","article-title":"Spinal growth modulation with an anterolateral flexible tether in an immature bovine model: disc health and motion preservation","volume":"33","author":"Newton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"R11-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-07076-9","article-title":"The effects of vertebral body tethering on sagittal parameters: evaluations from a 2-years follow-up","volume":"31","author":"Baroncini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"issue":"3","key":"R12-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.24.00033","article-title":"Vertebral body tethering in skeletally immature patients: results of a prospective U.S. FDA investigational device exemption study","volume":"107","author":"Larson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"R13-20260113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-022-00497-6","article-title":"To tether or fuse? 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