{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:59:57Z","timestamp":1790420397070,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JBJS Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"plain\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>* Axillary nerve palsy presents in a variety of ways and can be a substantial source of dysfunction about the shoulder. It is important for the orthopaedic surgeon to recognize axillary nerve injuries in the setting of acute trauma. The surgeon should also be aware that such injuries are part of the complication profile of both open and arthroscopic surgery involving the shoulder.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>* Early recognition and treatment is important as full recovery becomes less likely in association with chronic axillary nerve injuries. However, diagnosis is often difficult and can be masked by compensatory mechanisms of the adjacent shoulder muscles.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>* Several treatment options are available, depending on the extent and type of injury, including neurolysis, neurorrhaphy, nerve-grafting, and nerve transfer. This article highlights the etiology, diagnostic pathways, and treatment of both traumatic and iatrogenic axillary nerve injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.16.00061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,30]],"date-time":"2017-06-30T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1498826200000},"page":"e1-e1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Axillary Nerve Palsy and Deltoid Muscle Atony"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Justin J.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Liechti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Heare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Chahla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Bravman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1-20230812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20361","article-title":"The anatomic relationships of the axillary nerve and surgical landmarks for its localization from the anterior aspect of the shoulder","volume":"20","author":"Apaydin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"r2-20230812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199009000-00010","article-title":"Repair of isolated axillary nerve lesions after infraclavicular brachial plexus injuries: case reports","volume":"27","author":"Friedman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"r3-20230812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.94B6.28286","article-title":"Injuries of the terminal branches of the infraclavicular brachial plexus: patterns of injury, management and outcome","volume":"94","author":"Hems","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"r4-20230812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2862-z","article-title":"Prevalence of associated injuries after anterior shoulder dislocation: a prospective study","volume":"40","author":"Atef","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"368","key":"r5-20230812","first-page":"28","article-title":"Axillary nerve injury","author":"Perlmutter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"r6-20230812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500415","article-title":"Injury to the brachial plexus during Putti-Platt and Bristow procedures. 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