{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:36:25Z","timestamp":1792226185415,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JBJS Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiographs play a central role in the evaluation of the extent of arthritic change and the quantification of morphological parameters characteristic of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and\/or dysplasia. Reporting of these parameters is widespread in the literature, occasionally as an instrument for data pooling in collaborative research endeavors. Yet, the metrological properties of commonly used radiographic descriptors of acetabular and femoral architecture relevant to the field of hip preservation have not been reviewed systematically. The purpose of the present review was twofold: (1) to identify the current body of data available on the reliability of commonly used radiographic descriptors of the pre-arthritic hip and (2) to collate best practices and methodological pearls and pitfalls from the existing investigations that have explored the reliability of these radiographic measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Article screening methodology involved an extensive search of 2 databases (PubMed Central, Embase). Metrological reliability data and best practices and frequencies with which these practices have been reported in existing investigations were extracted from the methods of the included studies. The radiographic parameters that were chosen as a focus for the present review were based on a discussion among a number of experienced hip-preservation surgeons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-three articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Eleven recurring components of study design were isolated from the included investigations as being critical for minimizing bias in the assessment of the reliability of these radiographic morphological parameters. Sixteen (37.2%) of the included studies reported the use of at least 1 quality-control measure for ensuring radiographic integrity. The radiographic parameters with the most reliability data included the lateral center-edge angle (22 studies), the T\u00f6nnis angle (14 studies), and the alpha angle (18 studies). Categorical markers of acetabular retroversion and the extent of osteoarthritis have been less-frequently studied with respect to their reliability, with the exception of the crossover sign, which was evaluated in 11 of the included studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The radiographic parameter with the most metrological evidence in support of its reliability was the lateral center-edge angle (with 22 [100%] of 22 studies reporting acceptable reliability), whereas the T\u00f6nnis grade of osteoarthritis consistently demonstrated subpar interrater and intrarater reliability. Side-arm investigations for testing reliability may be needed by individual studies to prove the validity of data-pooling practices as collaborative endeavors continue to become more widespread.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.18.00048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]],"date-time":"2019-02-22T13:12:02Z","timestamp":1550841122000},"page":"e3-e3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Reliability of Commonly Used Radiographic Parameters in the Evaluation of the Pre-Arthritic Hip"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0887-7424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic S.","family":"Carreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peachtree Orthopedics, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3563-6124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan R.","family":"Emmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peachtree Orthopedics, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"r1-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-010-9192-x","article-title":"Radiographic predictors of hip pain in femoroacetabular impingement","volume":"7","author":"Ranawat","year":"2011","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"issue":"5","key":"r2-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2017.03.027","article-title":"Comprehensive clinical evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement: part 1, physical examination","volume":"6","author":"Frangiamore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthrosc Tech"},{"issue":"3","key":"r3-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1093\/jhps\/hnx020","article-title":"Preoperative physical examination and imaging of femoroacetabular impingement prior to hip arthroscopy-a systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Haldane","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hip Preserv Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"r4-20230815","first-page":"18","article-title":"Arthroscopic hip preservation surgery practice patterns: an international survey","volume":"4","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hip Preserv Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"r5-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514534181","article-title":"Arthroscopic hip revision surgery for residual femoroacetabular impingement (FAI): surgical outcomes compared with a matched cohort after primary arthroscopic FAI correction","volume":"42","author":"Larson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"r6-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.12.005","article-title":"Catastrophic failure of hip arthroscopy due to iatrogenic instability: can partial division of the ligamentum teres and iliofemoral ligament cause subluxation?","volume":"28","author":"Mei-Dan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"4","key":"r7-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967117700589","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117700589","article-title":"Relationship between the lateral center-edge angle and 3-dimensional acetabular coverage","volume":"5","author":"Wylie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"r8-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00159","article-title":"Demonstrating the value of orthopaedic surgery through multicenter trials: AOA critical issues","volume":"97","author":"Hilibrand","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"r9-20230815","first-page":"318","article-title":"Multicenter outcomes of arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement in the community hospital setting","volume":"3","author":"Matsuda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hip Preserv Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"r10-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517734180","article-title":"Multicenter analysis of midterm clinical outcomes of arthroscopic labral repair in the hip: minimum 5-year follow-up","volume":"46","author":"Hevesi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"r11-20230815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.08.285","article-title":"Multicenter Arthroscopic Study of the Hip (MASH) Study Group. 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