{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:32:26Z","timestamp":1790443946457,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"plain\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Chronic quadriceps tendon (QT) ruptures are uncommon injuries that present treatment challenges due to their complex nature and the limited evidence to guide management.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Timely diagnosis and surgical management of acute QT injury are imperative to optimize patient outcomes as delayed diagnosis leads to poorer results regardless of treatment modality.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Elements of chronic QT ruptures that may complicate surgical management include patient age, comorbidity, scar-tissue formation, amount of quadriceps muscle\/ tendon retraction, and distalmigration of the patella with contraction of the tendon.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Treatment options for chronic QT ruptures include primary repair with or without vastus advancement, V-Y tendon lengthening with or without tissue augmentation, and autograft or allograft reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.20.00096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]],"date-time":"2021-05-09T12:22:34Z","timestamp":1620562954000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Management of Chronic Quadriceps Tendon Rupture"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4888-053X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osama","family":"Elattar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5009-8593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"McBeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4038-215X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily J.","family":"Curry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7562-8375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert L.","family":"Parisien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6139-9890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Galvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7577-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"r1-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(58)90444-6","article-title":"Ruptures of the quadriceps tendon; study of twenty tendon ruptures","volume":"95","author":"Scuderi","year":"1958","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"r2-20230920","first-page":"509","article-title":"Complete quadriceps tendon ruptures","volume":"19","author":"Rougraff","year":"1996","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"3","key":"r3-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200305000-00006","article-title":"Quadriceps tendon rupture","volume":"11","author":"Ilan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"r4-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199805000-00010","article-title":"Outcomes following repair of quadriceps tendon ruptures","volume":"12","author":"Konrath","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"r5-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163060-00010","article-title":"Ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee joint","volume":"63","author":"Siwek","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"r6-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670000187","article-title":"Tendon lengthening repair and early mobilization in treatment of neglected bilateral simultaneous traumatic rupture of the quadriceps tendon","volume":"9","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"11","key":"r7-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.08.044","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after repair of quadriceps tendon rupture: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Ciriello","year":"2012","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"r8-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199304000-00030","article-title":"Primary repair of quadriceps tendon ruptures. Results of treatment","volume":"289","author":"Rasul","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"r9-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.12.002","article-title":"Acute and old ruptures of the extensor apparatus of the knee in adults (excluding knee replacement)","volume":"99","author":"Saragaglia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"r10-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.06.021","article-title":"The epidemiology of musculoskeletal tendinous and ligamentous injuries","volume":"39","author":"Clayton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"19","key":"r11-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00113","article-title":"Extensor mechanism injuries of the knee: demographic characteristics and comorbidities from a review of 726 patient records","volume":"97","author":"Garner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"r12-20230920","first-page":"569363","article-title":"Spontaneous rupture of the patellar tendon and the contralateral quadriceps tendon, associated with lupus erythematosus: analysis of the literature","volume":"2011","author":"Karadimas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Case Rep Orthop"},{"issue":"8","key":"r13-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200295080-00016","article-title":"Simultaneous bilateral rupture of quadriceps tendons: analysis of risk factors and associations","volume":"95","author":"Shah","year":"2002","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"r14-20230920","first-page":"252","article-title":"Bilateral simultaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendons","volume":"131","author":"Siwek","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.66B1.6693484","article-title":"Bilateral simultaneous spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendons. Five case reports and a review of the literature","volume":"66","author":"MacEachern","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"r16-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198809000-00025","article-title":"Bilateral simultaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendons. A report of four cases and review of the literature","volume":"234","author":"Keogh","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"r17-20230920","first-page":"867","article-title":"Bilateral spontaneous quadriceps tendon ruptures. A case report and review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Walker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"r18-20230920","first-page":"37","article-title":"Quadriceps tendon rupture after total knee arthroplasty. Prevalence, complications, and outcomes","volume":"87","author":"Dobbs","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"r19-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(40)90355-5","article-title":"Rupture of the quadriceps tendon: with a report of three cases","volume":"50","author":"Conway","year":"1940","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"r21-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0b013e318053eb74","article-title":"Current concepts on anatomy and biomechanics of patellar stability","volume":"15","author":"Amis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"r25-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130050448","article-title":"[Blood supply of the quadriceps tendon]","volume":"102","author":"Petersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"r27-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(94)90162-7","article-title":"Acute bilateral rupture of the quadriceps tendon\u2014an obvious diagnosis?","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"r28-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(94)90703-X","article-title":"Radiographic diagnosis of quadriceps tendon rupture: analysis of diagnostic failure","volume":"12","author":"Kaneko","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"r29-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1353989","article-title":"Quadriceps and patellar tendon ruptures","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"r30-20230920","first-page":"590","article-title":"The radiologic diagnosis of quadriceps tendon rupture","volume":"92","author":"Spector","year":"1995","journal-title":"N J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"r31-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-004-0576-7","article-title":"Ultrasonography as a reliable diagnostic tool in old quadriceps tendon ruptures: a prospective multicentre study","volume":"13","author":"Heyde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"r32-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(01)00110-3","article-title":"Outcomes following quadriceps tendon ruptures","volume":"33","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2002","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"r33-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247789","article-title":"Chronic quadriceps rupture: treatment with lengthening and early mobilization without cerclage augmentation and a report of three cases","volume":"21","author":"Rizio","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"r34-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19970601-12","article-title":"Delayed repair of a quadriceps tendon","volume":"20","author":"Katzman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"2","key":"r35-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2005.11.004","article-title":"Delayed repair of the quadriceps using the Mitek anchor system: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Kerin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"10","key":"r36-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-006-0044-7","article-title":"Reconstruction of a chronic quadriceps tendon tear in a body builder","volume":"14","author":"Leopardi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"r37-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e529","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20130327-36","article-title":"Autologous hamstring tendon used for revision of quadiceps tendon tears","volume":"36","author":"McCormick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"6","key":"r38-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2015.04.006","article-title":"Quadriceps tendon repair using hamstring, Prolene mesh and autologous conditioned plasma augmentation. A novel technique for repair of chronic quadriceps tendon rupture","volume":"22","author":"Rehman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"2","key":"r39-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.CC.M.00230","article-title":"Allograft reconstruction of a chronic quadriceps tendon rupture with use of a novel technique","volume":"4","author":"Forslund","year":"2014","journal-title":"JBJS Case Connect"},{"issue":"2","key":"r40-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5792\/ksrr.2016.28.2.161","article-title":"Surgical treatment of neglected traumatic quadriceps tendon rupture with knee ankylosis","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee Surg Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"r41-20230920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200605000-00036","article-title":"Revised grades of recommendation for summaries or reviews of orthopaedic surgical studies","volume":"88","author":"Wright","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["JBJS Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.20.00096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:40:54Z","timestamp":1787751654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.20.00096"}},"subtitle":["A Critical Analysis Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.20.00096","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-9185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2329-9185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}}}