{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:40:02Z","timestamp":1787755202566,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n \n \n \u00bb Nonsurgical interventional spine pain procedures provide an additional treatment option for lower back pain at the traditional bifurcation of conversative vs. operative management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \u00bb Transforaminal epidural steroid injections, radiofrequency ablations, intrathecal drug delivery, and spinal cord stimulation were found to be effective and safe techniques when applied to their specific indication.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \u00bb Thermal annuloplasty and minimally invasive lumbar decompression showed mixed support.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \u00bb Discography, sacroiliac joint injections, and spinous process spacers lacked sufficient evidence to support efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \u00bb Medial branch blocks and facet joint injections were found to be useful diagnostic tools.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.22.00235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T14:02:21Z","timestamp":1681480941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nonsurgical Interventional Spine Pain Procedures"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8184-6355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin D.","family":"Whitaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode 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