{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:45:01Z","timestamp":1790232301942,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"plain\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Most isolated ulnar shaft fractures are stable and heal without complication regardless of treatment protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Casting above the elbow may create unwanted stiffness without enhancing union rates.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Defining unstable fractures and determining which injuries would benefit from operative management remain a challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\u00bb Recent development of intramedullary devices has shown promise in preliminary studies, but more vigorous investigation is needed to determine their role.<\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.22.00254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T14:01:33Z","timestamp":1685973693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Management of Isolated Ulnar Shaft Fractures"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1922-646X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Todd H.","family":"Alter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5428-5246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen J.","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Monica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"r1-20240731","first-page":"CD000523","article-title":"Interventions for treating isolated diaphyseal fractures of the ulna in adults","volume":"2012","author":"Handoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"r3-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19950601-06","article-title":"Treatment of ulnar shaft fractures: a prospective, randomized study","volume":"18","author":"Atkin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"3","key":"r5-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSB.2005.12.009","article-title":"The load-bearing characteristics of the forearm: pattern of axial and bending force transmitted through ulna and radius","volume":"31","author":"Shaaban","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"r6-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(98)80153-6","article-title":"Vascular anatomy of the ulna","volume":"23","author":"Wright","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"r7-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-2832-z","article-title":"Anatomical study of the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve using ultrasound","volume":"23","author":"Le Corroller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"r8-20240731","first-page":"420","article-title":"Effect of displacement of ulna-shaft fractures on forearm rotation: a cadaveric model","volume":"31","author":"McHenry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"issue":"3","key":"r9-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199406000-00011","article-title":"Bracing of stable shaft fractures of the ulna","volume":"8","author":"Ostermann","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"r10-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.66B3.6725352","article-title":"The treatment of isolated fractures of the distal ulna","volume":"66","author":"Dymond","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"r11-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020050311","article-title":"Rotational instability and integrity of the interosseous membrane in cadaveric ulnar shaft fractures","volume":"118","author":"Muellner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"r13-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.74B5.1527129","article-title":"Isolated ulnar shaft fractures. Comparison of treatment by a functional brace and long-arm cast","volume":"74","author":"Gebuhr","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"r14-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(60)90560-2","article-title":"External fixation as a cause of movement in fractures","volume":"1","author":"Hicks","year":"1960","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"r15-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(74)90011-4","article-title":"Isolated fractures of the shaft of the ulna","volume":"6","author":"Hooper","year":"1974","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"r16-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(91)90043-E","article-title":"Isolated fractures of the ulnar shaft","volume":"22","author":"Goel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"r17-20240731","first-page":"1604","article-title":"Treatment of isolated fractures of the shaft of the ulna","volume":"5","author":"Milliner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"6","key":"r18-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00420323","article-title":"Treatment of isolated distal ulnar shaft fractures with below-elbow plaster cast. A prospective study","volume":"115","author":"De Boeck","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"r19-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658080-00011","article-title":"Treatment of ulnar fractures by functional bracing","volume":"58","author":"Sarmiento","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"r20-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199808000-00009","article-title":"Isolated ulnar shaft fractures treated with functional braces","volume":"12","author":"Sarmiento","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"r21-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678909149272","article-title":"Early mobilization of isolated ulnar-shaft fractures","volume":"60","author":"Ekelund","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"r22-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678909149273","article-title":"Ulnar-shaft fracture needs no treatment. A pilot study of 10 cases","volume":"60","author":"de Jong","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"r23-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365030-00007","article-title":"The isolated fracture of the ulnar shaft. Treatment without immobilization","volume":"65","author":"Pollock","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"r24-20240731","first-page":"710","article-title":"Conservative management of minimally displaced isolated fractures of the ulnar shaft","volume":"73","author":"Van Leemput","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"7","key":"r25-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B7.31669","article-title":"A systematic review of the non-operative treatment of nightstick fractures of the ulna","volume":"95-B","author":"Cai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"12","key":"r26-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2343","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200312000-00011","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial comparing the limited contact dynamic compression plate with the point contact fixator for forearm fractures","volume":"85","author":"Leung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"r27-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.02.012","article-title":"Results of 70 consecutive ulnar nightstick fractures","volume":"46","author":"Coulibaly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"r28-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2017.12.004","article-title":"Does operative fixation of isolated fractures of ulna shaft results in different outcomes than non-operative management by long arm cast?","volume":"9","author":"Hussain","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"r29-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.14712\/18059694.2019.41","article-title":"Nightstick fractures, outcomes of operative and non-operative treatment","volume":"62","author":"Ali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove)"},{"key":"r30-20240731","article-title":"Does Surgery improve healing after isolated diaphyseal ulna fractures?","author":"Henry","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"r31-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-07-437","article-title":"Management of adult diaphyseal both-bone forearm fractures","volume":"22","author":"Schulte","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"r32-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(02)00029-3","article-title":"Intramedullary nailing of pathological forearm fractures","volume":"33","author":"Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"r33-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199506000-00004","article-title":"A biomechanical comparison of two methods of fixation of fractures of the forearm","volume":"9","author":"Jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"r34-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2020.02.085","article-title":"A comparative study of fixation methods in adults with two-thirds distal isolated ulnar shaft fractures with a minimum of 2 year follow-up","volume":"51","author":"Gaum\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"r35-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk6020046","article-title":"Locked intramedullary nailing versus compression plating for stable ulna fractures: a comparative study","volume":"6","author":"Pavone","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Funct Morphol Kinesiol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"r36-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2020.11.029","article-title":"Fracture nonunion in long bones: a literature review of risk factors and surgical management","volume":"52","author":"Nicholson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"r37-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(81)90005-X","article-title":"Non-union of the isolated fracture of the ulnar shaft in adults","volume":"12","author":"Brakenbury","year":"1981","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"8","key":"r38-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198408000-00017","article-title":"The failure of casual treatment for nondisplaced ulna shaft fractures","volume":"24","author":"Hoffer","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"r39-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198612000-00029","article-title":"Radioulnar synostosis following an isolated fracture of the ulnar shaft. A case report","volume":"213","author":"Posman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"r40-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197806000-00013","article-title":"Post-traumatic radio-ulnar synostosis","volume":"18","author":"Watson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"r41-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.04.018","article-title":"Adult post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis","volume":"98","author":"Dohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"r42-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557030-00001","article-title":"Compression-plate fixation in acute diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna","volume":"57","author":"Anderson","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"r43-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.12.021","article-title":"Efficacy of vitamin C in preventing complex regional pain syndrome after wrist fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"A\u00efm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"r44-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-19253","article-title":"Does low intensity, pulsed ultrasound speed healing of scaphoid fractures? [in German]","volume":"32","author":"Mayr","year":"2000","journal-title":"Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir"},{"key":"r45-20240731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01453-0","article-title":"Electrical and ultrasound stimulation for scaphoid fractures","volume":"17","author":"Divelbiss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hand Clin"}],"container-title":["JBJS Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.22.00254","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:41:30Z","timestamp":1787751690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.22.00254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.rvw.22.00254","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-9185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2329-9185","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}}}