{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:47:16Z","timestamp":1787755636114,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques"],"abstract":"Glenohumeral arthritis has become increasingly prevalent. For patients with glenohumeral arthritis and an intact rotator cuff, an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) has been shown to provide substantial pain relief with consistent, reproducible results. The primary indication is intractable pain that has not responded to nonoperative treatment, resulting in a substantial negative impact on the quality of life of the patient. Other indications for anatomic TSA include posttraumatic glenohumeral arthritis, inflammatory arthritis, and humeral head osteonecrosis. Contraindications include active infection, deltoid insufficiency, severe glenoid bone deficiency, and excessive glenohumeral posterior subluxation or laxity that cannot be surgically corrected. In order to provide the stability necessary to withstand the forces that impact the glenoid, the implant used in TSA should replicate the native anatomy of the individual patient by using a combination of implant modularity with different humeral neck angles and glenoid version augments, as well as dual eccentricity of the neck and head implant.<\/jats:p>\n The major steps in TSA include (1) preoperative planning, (2) patient positioning and setup, (3) surgical exposure, (4) accessing the glenohumeral joint, (5) preparation of the humerus, (6) exposure and preparation of the glenoid with component insertion, (7) humeral component insertion and trial reduction, (8) subscapularis reattachment and closure, and (9) postoperative immobilization and rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n \n The expected outcomes of TSA include improved quality of life (as indicated by improved outcome and patient satisfaction scores), shoulder active range of motion, and strength. In a large study examining outcomes of TSA in patients >55 years old, Patel et al.\n 1<\/jats:sup>\n reported improved American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (48.3 \u00b1 23.0), Constant (33.1 \u00b1 16.7), and University of California Los Angeles (16.7 \u00b1 6.3) shoulder scores, as well as improved active range of motion in active abduction (42\u00b0 \u00b1 41\u00b0), forward flexion (46\u00b0 \u00b1 40\u00b0), external rotation (33\u00b0 \u00b1 23\u00b0), and internal rotation (2.2\u00b0 \u00b1 1.8\u00b0) and decreased visual analog scale scores (\u22125.1 \u00b1 2.9). Another study\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n showed increased maximal weight improvement of 7.7 \u00b1 4.0 lbs (3.5 \u00b1 1.8 kg).\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.st.19.00011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T11:19:18Z","timestamp":1576667958000},"page":"e44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using Intraoperative 3D Navigation"],"prefix":"10.2106","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1551-3090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoav","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6294-2771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandeep S.","family":"Virk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3923-8660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph D.","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1-20230808","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.09.029","article-title":"Results of total shoulder arthroplasty in patients aged 55 years or younger versus those older than 55 years: an analysis of 1135 patients with over 2 years of follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"bib2-20230808","first-page":"101","article-title":"Comparison of outcomes using anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"71","author":"Flurin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013)."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib3-20230808","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-2126-1","article-title":"Benefit of intraoperative navigation on glenoid component positioning during total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"135","author":"Sadoghi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib4-20230808","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23167","article-title":"Yearly Trends in Elective Shoulder Arthroplasty, 2005-2013","volume":"69","author":"Dillon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib5-20230808","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00729","article-title":"Effect of a variable prosthetic neck-shaft angle and the surgical technique on replication of normal humeral anatomy","volume":"91","author":"Jeong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."}],"container-title":["JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.ST.19.00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:45:47Z","timestamp":1787751947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2106\/JBJS.ST.19.00011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.st.19.00011","relation":{},"ISSN":["2160-2204"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2160-2204","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}