{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T04:06:44Z","timestamp":1779941204935,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Laboratory experiments on microbial decay were used to investigate the conditions required for pyritization of decaying twigs, as it provides an important source of data on the anatomy of fossil plants. Plane (Platanus acerifolia) was chosen as the experimental taxon, because this genus is preserved in pyrite in the Eocene London Clay. Experiments were designed to develop sulfate reduction under marine conditions, and each contained estuarine sediment with added iron oxide (1%) with a layer of pH-buffered artificial seawater medium above, which had a labile organic-matter source (yeast extract) and an inoculum of anaerobic, sulfate-reducing bacteria. Twigs (5) were pressed into the sediment and the systems incubated with a loose lid, in air at 15\u00b0C for up to 12 weeks. These conditions were varied to reflect those thought to promote pyrite formation in the natural environment (high concentrations of reactive iron and bioavailable organic matter, local concentration of decaying material, concurrent high concentrations of sulfide and iron, and oxidation of iron sulfides), plus variations in incubation time, anoxia, pH, and sulfate supply. Changes in the chemistry of the decay systems were monitored with oxygen and pH microelectrodes, and concentrations of sulfate, sulfide, ferrous iron, and sedimentary solid-phase sulfide pools were analyzed at the end of each experiment. All systems rapidly developed bacterial sulfate reduction, dissolved iron, and iron sulfides. In only 2 out of 18 reference systems were areas of some twigs pyritized, however, although this did occur rapidly (5.4 weeks). No twigs in the modified systems were pyritized despite up to a 240% increase in solid-phase iron sulfides, the presence of diffusion gradients of ferrous iron and sulfide, the focus of sulfate reduction on the twigs, and pyrite formation in the sediment. Neither slightly oxidizing nor completely anoxic conditions enhanced pyritization. These results suggest that conditions that promote formation of sedimentary pyrite differ considerably from those that facilitate pyritization of twigs. Pyritization can occur rapidly in conditions common in marine sediments with intense microbial activity, but the process is rather random and may be controlled by the nucleation of pyrite on decaying tissue rather than factors controlling pyrite formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2110\/palo.2005.p05-077r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,14]],"date-time":"2006-10-14T04:56:59Z","timestamp":1160801819000},"page":"499-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["EXPERIMENTAL PYRITE FORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH DECAY OF PLANT MATERIAL"],"prefix":"10.2110","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"FIONA","family":"BROCK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1\u2009Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. JOHN","family":"PARKES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2\u2009School of Earth, Ocean and Planetary Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3YE, UK;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DEREK E.G.","family":"BRIGGS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3\u2009Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208109, New Haven, CT 06520-8109, USA derek.briggs@yale.edu"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"860","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-ALLEN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(01)00334-5","article-title":"Role of diffusion-precipitation reactions in authigenic pyritization","volume":"182","author":"Allen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-ALLEN2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Geochemical Transformations of Sedimentary Sulfur","author":"Allen","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-ALLER1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(80)90195-7","article-title":"Quantifying solute distributions in the bioturbated zone of marine sediments by defining an average microenvironment","volume":"44","author":"Aller","year":"1980","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-ALLISON1","first-page":"1079","article-title":"Taphonomy of the Eocene London Clay biota","volume":"31","author":"Allison","year":"1988","journal-title":"Palaeontology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BARTELS1","first-page":"309","article-title":"The Fossils of the Hu\u0308nsru\u0308ck Slate: Marine Life in the Devonian","author":"Bartels","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BENNING1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(99)00198-9","article-title":"Reaction pathways in the Fe-S system below 100\u00b0C","volume":"167","author":"Benning","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BERNER1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2113\/gsecongeo.64.4.383","article-title":"The synthesis of framboidal pyrite","volume":"64","author":"Berner","year":"1969","journal-title":"Economic Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BERNER2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.268.1.1","article-title":"Sedimentary pyrite formation","volume":"268","author":"Berner","year":"1970","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BERNER3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90089-9","article-title":"Sedimentary pyrite formation: An update","volume":"48","author":"Berner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BOWERBANK1","article-title":"A history of the fossil fruits and seeds of the London Clay","author":"Bowerbank","year":"1840"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BRIGGS1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.2307\/3515093","article-title":"Experimental taphonomy","volume":"10","author":"Briggs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Palaios"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BRIGGS2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.earth.31.100901.144746","article-title":"The role of decay and mineralization in the preservation of soft-bodied fossils","volume":"31","author":"Briggs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BRIGGS3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1991)019<1221:POSBFB>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Pyritization of soft-bodied fossils: Beecher's Trilobite Bed, Upper Ordovician, New York State","volume":"19","author":"Briggs","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BRIGGS4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.296.6.633","article-title":"Controls on the pyritization of exceptionally preserved fossils: An analysis of the Lower Devonian Hu\u0308nsru\u0308ck Slate of Germany","volume":"296","author":"Briggs","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-BUTLER1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(00)00387-2","article-title":"Framboidal pyrite formation via the oxidation of iron (II) monosulphide by hydrogen sulphide","volume":"64","author":"Butler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CANFIELD1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(89)90005-7","article-title":"Reactive iron in marine sediments","volume":"53","author":"Canfield","year":"1989","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CANFIELD2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-0149(89)90022-8","article-title":"Sulfate reduction and oxic respiration in marine sediments: Implications for organic carbon preservation in euxinic environments","volume":"36","author":"Canfield","year":"1989","journal-title":"Deep-Sea Research"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CANFIELD3","first-page":"337","article-title":"Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record","author":"Canfield","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CANFIELD4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.292.9.659","article-title":"The reactivity of sedimentary iron minerals toward sulfide","volume":"292","author":"Canfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CHANDLER1","first-page":"151","article-title":"The Lower Tertiary floras of southern England. IV","volume-title":"A survey of findings in the light of recent botanical observations","author":"Chandler","year":"1964"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CLINE1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1969.14.3.0454","article-title":"Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulphide in natural waters","volume":"14","author":"Cline","year":"1969","journal-title":"Limnology and Oceanography"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-COLLINSON1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Fossil Plants of the London Clay","author":"Collinson","year":"1983"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-CONWAYMORRIS1","first-page":"423","article-title":"The community structure of the Middle Cambrian Phyllopod Bed (Burgess Shale)","volume":"29","author":"Conway Morris","year":"1986","journal-title":"Palaeontology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-DONALD1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00140-4","article-title":"Low temperature anaerobic bacterial diagenesis of ferrous monosulphide to pyrite","volume":"63","author":"Donald","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-DROBNER1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/346742a0","article-title":"Pyrite formation linked with hydrogen evolution under anaerobic conditions","volume":"346","author":"Drobner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-DUNN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1997)025<1119:EOLFPB>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Enhancement of leaf fossilization potential by bacterial biofilms","volume":"25","author":"Dunn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-FERGUSON1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-6667(85)90041-7","article-title":"The origin of leaf assemblages\u2014New light on an old problem","volume":"46","author":"Ferguson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-FRIEDMANN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2000.0620","article-title":"The origin and early evolution of tracheids in vascular plants: Integration of palaeobotanical and neobotanical data","volume":"355","author":"Friedmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-GABBOTT1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1130\/G20640.1","article-title":"Preservation of Early Cambrian animals of the Chengjiang biota","volume":"32","author":"Gabbott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-GIBLIN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1984.29.1.0047","article-title":"Porewater evidence for a dynamic sedimentary iron cycle","volume":"29","author":"Giblin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Limnology and Oceanography"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-GRIMES1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(2001)029<0123:UFEPOP>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Understanding fossilization: Experimental pyritization of plants","volume":"29","author":"Grimes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-GRIMES2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1144\/0016-764901-176","article-title":"Fossil plants from the Eocene London Clay: The use of pyrite textures to determine the mechanism of pyritization","volume":"159","author":"Grimes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the Geological Society, London"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-GUPTA1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1666\/05038.1","article-title":"Re-investigation of the occurrence of cutan in plants: Implications for the leaf fossil record","volume":"32","author":"Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paleobiology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-KAPLAN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(63)90074-7","article-title":"The distribution and isotopic abundance of sulfur on recent marine sediments of southern California","volume":"27","author":"Kaplan","year":"1963","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-KENRICK1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8339.1988.tb02456.x","article-title":"The anatomy of Lower Devonian Gosslingia breconensis Heard based on pyritized axes, with some comments on the permineralization process","volume":"97","author":"Kenrick","year":"1988","journal-title":"Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-KENRICK2","first-page":"751","article-title":"Novel ultrastructure in water-conducting cells of the lower Devonian plant Sennicaulis hippocrepiformis","volume":"34","author":"Kenrick","year":"1991","journal-title":"Palaeontology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-LOVLEY1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1029\/95RG01305","article-title":"Deep subsurface microbial processes","volume":"33","author":"Lovley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Reviews of Geophysics"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-LOVLEY2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.52.4.751-757.1986","article-title":"Availability of ferric iron for microbial reduction in bottom sediments of the freshwater tidal Potomac River","volume":"52","author":"Lovley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-LOVLEY3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.51.4.683-689.1986","article-title":"Organic matter mineralization with reduction of ferric iron in anaerobic sediments","volume":"52","author":"Lovley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-LUTHER1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90449-F","article-title":"Pyrite synthesis via polysulfide compounds","volume":"55","author":"Luther","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-MARTIN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(2003)031<0039:EMOIEA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Experimental mineralization of invertebrate eggs and the preservation of Neoproterozoic embryos","volume":"31","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-POOLE1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Pyritized twigs from the London Clay, Eocene, of Great Britain","volume":"13","author":"Poole","year":"1992","journal-title":"Tertiary Research"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-POOLE2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1095-8339.2002.00057.x","article-title":"A review of the platanaceous woods from the Eocene paratropical rainforest of south-east England","volume":"139","author":"Poole","year":"2002","journal-title":"Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RAISWELL1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(93)90233-9","article-title":"Kinetic controls on depth variations in localised pyrite formation","volume":"107","author":"Raiswell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RAISWELL2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-3227(93)90151-K","article-title":"A simple three-dimensional model of diffusion-with-precipitation applied to localised pyrite formation in framboids, fossils and detrital iron minerals","volume":"113","author":"Raiswell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Marine Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RAISWELL3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.298.3.219","article-title":"Sources of iron for pyrite formation in marine sediments","volume":"298","author":"Raiswell","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-REID1","first-page":"561","article-title":"The flora of the London Clay","author":"Reid","year":"1933"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RICKARD1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1180\/minmag.1994.58A.2.138","article-title":"A new sedimentary pyrite formation model","volume":"58a","author":"Rickard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mineralogical Magazine"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RICKARD2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(96)00321-3","article-title":"Kinetics of pyrite formation by the H2S oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide in aqueous solutions between 25 and 125\u00b0C: The rate equation","volume":"61","author":"Rickard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-RICKARD3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(96)00322-5","article-title":"Kinetics of pyrite formation by the H2S oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide in aqueous solutions between 25 and 125\u00b0C: The mechanism","volume":"61","author":"Rickard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SAGEMANN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00087-3","article-title":"Controls on the formation of authigenic minerals in association with decaying organic matter: An experimental approach","volume":"63","author":"Sagemann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SCHOONEN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90122-L","article-title":"Reactions forming pyrite and marcasite from solution: I. Nucleation of FeS2 below 100\u00b0C","volume":"55","author":"Schoonen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SCHOONEN2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90123-M","article-title":"Reactions forming pyrite and marcasite from solution: II. Via precursors below 100\u00b0C","volume":"55","author":"Schoonen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SCHOPF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-6667(75)90005-6","article-title":"Modes of fossil preservation","volume":"20","author":"Schopf","year":"1975","journal-title":"Review of Palaeobotany and Playnology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SCOTT1","first-page":"263","article-title":"Palaeobiology: A Synthesis","author":"Scott","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SORENSEN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.43.2.319-324.1982","article-title":"Reduction of ferric iron in anaerobic, marine sediment and interaction with reduction of nitrate and sulfate","volume":"43","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Applied Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-SPICER1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record","author":"Spicer","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-STOOKEY1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60289a016","article-title":"Ferrozine\u2014A new spectrophotometric reagent for iron","volume":"42","author":"Stookey","year":"1970","journal-title":"Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-STUMM1","first-page":"780","article-title":"Aquatic Chemistry","author":"Stumm","year":"1981","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-WIDDEL1","first-page":"3,352","article-title":"The Prokaryotes","author":"Widdel","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-WILBY1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1996)024<0847:MOSBII>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Mineralisation of soft-bodied invertebrates in a Jurassic metalliferous deposit","volume":"24","author":"Wilby","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"2026052723314448000_I0883-1351-21-5-499-WILKIN1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(97)81466-4","article-title":"Pyrite formation by reactions of iron monosulfides with dissolved inorganic and organic sulfur species","volume":"60","author":"Wilkin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"}],"container-title":["PALAIOS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/sepm\/palaios\/article-pdf\/21\/5\/499\/2841437\/i0883-1351-21-5-499.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/sepm\/palaios\/article-pdf\/21\/5\/499\/2841437\/i0883-1351-21-5-499.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T03:33:59Z","timestamp":1779939239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/palaios\/article\/21\/5\/499\/145850\/EXPERIMENTAL-PYRITE-FORMATION-ASSOCIATED-WITH"},"secondary":[{"URL":"http:\/\/palaios.geoscienceworld.org\/cgi\/doi\/10.2110\/palo.2005.P05-077R","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2110\/palo.2005.p05-077r","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-5323","0883-1351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-5323","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0883-1351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]]}}}