{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:45:58Z","timestamp":1782434758465,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica","issue":"2 (mar-abr)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Salud Publica Mex"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objetivo. Analizar la evoluci\u00f3n del gasto de bolsillo en el periodo 2000-2022, con \u00e9nfasis en los determinantes de edad e ingresos de los hogares. Material y m\u00e9todos. Se emplean datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingreso y Gasto en los Hogares para evaluar tendencias hist\u00f3ricas y la distribuci\u00f3n del gasto. Se analizan los niveles de gasto seg\u00fan deciles de ingreso, presencia de adultos mayores y entidad federativa. Resultados. El an\u00e1lisis identifica los siguientes hallazgos: 1) Al menos la mitad de los hogares del pa\u00eds reportan tener gasto de bolsillo en salud; 2) Hist\u00f3ricamente, los hogares con adultos mayores gastan m\u00e1s, con una brecha creciente desde 2012, que se ampli\u00f3 con la pandemia de Covid-19; 3) Los hogares de menores ingresos y con adultos mayores asignan una proporci\u00f3n mayor de sus recursos a la salud, y 4) La reducci\u00f3n del gasto entre 2008 y 2018 benefici\u00f3 principalmente a los hogares de mayores ingresos. Conclusi\u00f3n. El gasto de bolsillo en salud representa una carga significativa para los hogares de menores ingresos y aquellos con adultos mayores. Estas diferencias refuerzan la necesidad de pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas orientadas a reducir la inequidad en el gasto en salud.\n\n\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21149\/17222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T23:46:47Z","timestamp":1782431207000},"page":"107-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["El gasto de bolsillo en salud en M\u00e9xico, 2000-2022: factores que profundizan la desigualdad"],"prefix":"10.21149","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Eder","family":"Oliva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Kuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Arantxa","family":"Colchero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Bautista-Arredondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"8786","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"container-title":["Salud P\u00fablica de M\u00e9xico"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/download\/17222\/12796","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/download\/17222\/12796","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T23:46:52Z","timestamp":1782431212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/view\/17222"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2 (mar-abr)","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21149\/17222","relation":{},"ISSN":["1606-7916","0036-3634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1606-7916","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0036-3634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]}}}