{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:32:50Z","timestamp":1787023970820,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica","issue":"2 (mar-abr)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Salud Publica Mex"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objetivo. Analizar la tendencia de la prevalencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) en ni\u00f1as y ni\u00f1os (NN) menores de cinco a\u00f1os en M\u00e9xico entre 2006 y 2021-2024. Para 2021-2024, estimar la distribuci\u00f3n por regi\u00f3n y entidad federativa, describir caracter\u00edsticas sociodemogr\u00e1ficas y del episodio, e identificar factores asociados con su ocurrencia estratificado por urbanidad. Material y m\u00e9todos. Se utilizaron datos de Ensanut 2006, 2012, 2018 y Ensanut Continua 2021-2024. Para 2021-2024 se incluyeron 8 100 observaciones que representan a 10 115 501 NN. Se estimaron prevalencias y se ajustaron modelos de regresi\u00f3n log\u00edstica (cruda y ajustada) para identificar factores asociados. Resultados. La prevalencia nacional de IRA disminuy\u00f3 de 48.1% (2006) a 20.4% (2021-2024; p-trend &lt;0.001). En el periodo 2021-2024 se observ\u00f3 gradiente por urbanidad: metropolitano 18.7%, urbano 20.5% y rural 22.9%. Las mayores prevalencias se concentraron en Pen\u00ednsula (29.8%) y Pac\u00edfico-Sur (23.3%). Factores asociados con mayor probabilidad de IRA incluyeron bajo nivel de bienestar, residencia en regiones espec\u00edficas y, en zonas rurales, menor escolaridad materna. Conclusi\u00f3n. Aunque la prevalencia de IRA disminuy\u00f3 significativamente, en 2021-2024 persisten diferencias por urbanidad (mayor en contextos menos urbanizados) y desigualdades regionales y socioecon\u00f3micas. Es necesario fortalecer intervenciones diferenciadas y asegurar la equidad en el acceso a servicios de salud, abordando los determinantes sociales que sostienen estas brechas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21149\/17509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T23:46:47Z","timestamp":1782431207000},"page":"132-146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Infecciones respiratorias agudas en menores de cinco a\u00f1os en M\u00e9xico, seg\u00fan urbanidad. Ensanut 2021-2024"],"prefix":"10.21149","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Leticia","family":"Ferreyra-Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Mongua-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ferreira-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Delgado-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maribel","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Canizales-Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma Araceli","family":"T\u00e9llez-V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"8786","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"container-title":["Salud P\u00fablica de M\u00e9xico"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/download\/17509\/12795","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/download\/17509\/12795","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T23:46:51Z","timestamp":1782431211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/saludpublica.mx\/index.php\/spm\/article\/view\/17509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2 (mar-abr)","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21149\/17509","relation":{},"ISSN":["1606-7916","0036-3634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1606-7916","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0036-3634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]}}}