{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:19:51Z","timestamp":1780377591192,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The main purpose of this paper is to present our polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter model and its verification. The PDC cutter model we developed is focused on a PDC cutter cutting a rock in 3D space. The model studies the forces between a cutter and a rock and applies the theory of poroelasticity to calculate the stress state of the rock during the cutting process. Once the stress state of the rock is obtained, the model can then predict rock failure by the modified Lade criterion (Ewy 1999). This work also developed a trial-and-error procedure to predict cutting forces, and the stress state of a rock before cutting process is also considered.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>A complete verification of the cutter model is conducted. The model results (i.e., predicted cutting forces) are compared with measured cutting forces from cutter tests in multiple published articles. The major influencing factors on cutting forces\u2014backrake angle, side-rake angle, depths of cut, worn depth (or wear flat area), and hydrostatic pressure\u2014are all studied and verified. A good agreement between the model results and cutter test data is found, and the overall mean relative error is approximately 15%. The influence of inhomogeneous precut stress state of a rock is also studied. Overall, the cutter model in this paper is complete and accurate. It is ready to be integrated into a PDC bit model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2118\/205342-pa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T21:28:17Z","timestamp":1614288497000},"page":"3444-3464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Modeling of Cutting Rock: From PDC Cutter to PDC Bit\u2014Modeling of PDC Cutter"],"prefix":"10.2118","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Pengju","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Miska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tulsa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tulsa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evren","family":"Ozbayoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tulsa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"861","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021121519263449600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2118\/21928-PA","article-title":"3D PDC Bit Model Predicts Higher Cutter Loads","volume":"8","author":"Behr","year":"1993","journal-title":"SPE Drill & Compl"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R2","volume-title":"Numerical Analysis","author":"Burden","year":"1985"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2019.04.024","article-title":"Study on Integrated Effect of PDC Double Cutters","volume":"178","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pet Sci Eng"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2019.106389","article-title":"Modeling of PDC Single Cutter\u2013Poroelastic Effects in Rock Cutting Process","volume":"183","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pet Sci Eng"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2020.107014","article-title":"Poroelastic Modeling of Cutting Bottom-Hole Rock\u2014Part I: Stress State of Bottom-Hole Rock","volume":"189","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pet Sci Eng"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2018.06.009","article-title":"Poroelastic Modeling of Cutting Rock in Pressurized Condition","volume":"169","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pet Sci Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121519263449600_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.2118\/171833-PA","article-title":"The Role of Rock-Chip Removals and Cutting-Area Shapes in Polycrystalline-Diamond-Compact-Bit Design Optimization","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"SPE Drill & Compl"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121519263449600_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/S1365-1609(00)00050-2","article-title":"Influence of Pore Pressure on the Drilling Response in Low-Permeability Shear-Dilatant Rocks","volume":"37","author":"Detournay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121519263449600_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-9062(92)91041-3","article-title":"A Phenomenological Model for the Drilling Action of Drag Bits","volume":"29","author":"Detournay","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121519263449600_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2118\/56862-PA","article-title":"Wellbore-Stability Predictions by Use of a Modified Lade Criterion","volume":"14","author":"Ewy","year":"1999","journal-title":"SPE Drill & Compl"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121519263449600_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2118\/20415-PA","article-title":"Proper Nozzle Location, Bit Profile, and Cutter Arrangement Affect PDC-Bit Performance Significantly","volume":"9","author":"Garcia-Gavito","year":"1994","journal-title":"SPE Drill & Compl"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/98988-MS","article-title":"PDC Bits: All Comes from the Cutter\/Rock Interaction","author":"Gerbaud","year":"2006"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121519263449600_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.2118\/15619-PA","article-title":"Use of Single-Cutter Data in the Analysis of PDC Bit Designs: Part 1\u2014Development of a PDC Cutting Force Model","volume":"41","author":"Glowka","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pet Technol"},{"issue":"13","key":"2021121519263449600_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1002\/nag.2113","article-title":"Discrete Element Modeling of Tool-Rock Interaction I: Rock Cutting","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2015.09.004","article-title":"Finite Element Modeling of Rock Cutting and Its Fragmentation Process","volume":"80","author":"Jaime","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R16","article-title":"PFC Modeling of Rock Cutting under High Pressure Conditions","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121519263449600_R17","first-page":"938","article-title":"Experimental Research on Integrated Mechanical Model of PDC Bit","volume":"30","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rock Soil Mech"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2018.01.001","article-title":"Cutter Layout Optimization for Reduction of Lateral Force on PDC Bit Using Kriging and Particle Swarm Optimization Methods","volume":"163","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pet Sci Eng"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R19","unstructured":"Miedema, S. A.\n          \n          1987. Calculation of the Cutting Forces When Cutting Water Saturated Sand. PhD dissertation, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121519263449600_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2118\/119302-PA","article-title":"Experimental Study of MSE of a Single PDC Cutter Interacting with Rock under Simulated Pressurized Conditions","volume":"25","author":"Rafatian","year":"2010","journal-title":"SPE Drill & Compl"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/199598-MS","article-title":"Investigation of Geometry and Loading Effects on PDC Cutter Structural Integrity in Hard Rocks","author":"Rahmani","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rajabov, V.\n          \n          2011. The Effects of Back Rake and Side Rake Angles on Mechanical Specific Energy of Single PDC Cutters with Selected Rocks. PhD dissertation, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.","DOI":"10.2118\/151406-MS"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R24","unstructured":"Richard, T.\n          \n          1999. Determination of Rock Strength from Cutting Tests. PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA."},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R25","unstructured":"Rivas Cardona, J.\n          \n          2011. Fundamental Investigation of Pore Pressure Prediction during Drilling from the Mechanical Behavior of Rock. PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA."},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R26","volume-title":"Elasticity: Theory, Applications, and Numerics","author":"Sadd","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121519263449600_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-9062(65)90022-7","article-title":"The Concept of Specific Energy in Rock Drilling","volume":"2","author":"Teale","year":"1965","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R29","volume-title":"Theory of Linear Poroelasticity with Applications to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology","author":"Wang","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021121519263449600_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/16529-MS","article-title":"Single Cutter Testing: A Key for PDC Bit Development","author":"Zijsling","year":"1987"}],"container-title":["SPE Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SJ\/article-pdf\/26\/06\/3444\/2552729\/spe-205342-pa.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SJ\/article-pdf\/26\/06\/3444\/2552729\/spe-205342-pa.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T19:27:15Z","timestamp":1639596435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onepetro.org\/SJ\/article\/26\/06\/3444\/460266\/Modeling-of-Cutting-Rock-From-PDC-Cutter-to-PDC"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2118\/205342-pa","relation":{},"ISSN":["1086-055X","1930-0220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1086-055X","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-0220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]}}}