{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:55:08Z","timestamp":1791186908921,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2010.00220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,10]],"date-time":"2011-08-10T15:43:16Z","timestamp":1312990996000},"page":"676-685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Calpain-Mediated Tau Cleavage: A Mechanism Leading to Neurodegeneration Shared by Multiple Tauopathies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen H","family":"Bigio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1707676_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:4:1-2:37","volume":"4","author":"D Yancopoulou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yancopoulou D, Spillantini MG. (2003) Tau protein in familial and sporadic diseases. Neuromol. Med. 4:37\u201348.","journal-title":"Neuromol. Med."},{"key":"1707676_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00055-8","volume":"35","author":"J Gotz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gotz J. (2001) Tau and transgenic animal models. Brain. Res. Rev. 35:266\u201386.","journal-title":"Brain. Res. Rev."},{"key":"1707676_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.1121","volume":"24","author":"VM Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lee VM, Goedert M, Trojanowski JQ. (2001) Neurodegenerative tauopathies. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24:1121\u201359.","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10032","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1630428100","volume":"100","author":"TC Gamblin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gamblin TC, et al. (2003a) Caspase cleavage of tau: linking amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100: 10032\u201337.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63317-2","volume":"165","author":"H Guo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guo H, et al. (2004) Active caspase-6 and caspase-6 cleaved tau in neuropil threads, neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Am. J. Pathol. 165:523\u201331.","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"1707676_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12859","DOI":"10.1021\/bi061325g","volume":"45","author":"PM Horowitz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Horowitz PM, LaPointe N, Guillozet-Bongaarts AL, Berry RW, Binder LI. (2006) N-terminal fragments of tau inhibit full-length tau polymerization in vitro. Biochem. 45:12859\u201366.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1021\/bi047982v","volume":"44","author":"MR Reynolds","year":"2005","unstructured":"Reynolds MR, Berry RW, Binder LI. (2005) Site-specific nitration and oxidative dityrosine bridging of the tau protein by peroxynitrite: implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biochem. 44:1690\u201300.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4314","DOI":"10.1021\/bi052142h","volume":"45","author":"MR Reynolds","year":"2006","unstructured":"Reynolds MR, Lukas TJ, Berry RW, Binder LI. (2006) Peroxynitrite-mediated tau modifications stabilize preformed filaments and destabilize microtubules through distinct mechanisms. Biochem. 45:4314\u201326.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5365","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1125-05.2005","volume":"25","author":"SY Park","year":"2005","unstructured":"Park SY, Ferreira A. (2005) The generation of a 17 kDa neurotoxic fragment: an alternative mechanism by which tau mediates beta-amyloid-induced neurodegeneration. J. Neurosci. 25:5365\u201375.","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.09.012","volume":"144","author":"SY Park","year":"2007","unstructured":"Park SY, Tournell C, Sinjoanu RC, Ferreira A. (2007) Caspase-3- and calpain-mediated tau cleavage are differentially prevented by estrogen and testosterone in beta-amyloid-treated hippocampal neurons. Neurosci. 144:119\u201327.","journal-title":"Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.003","volume":"53","author":"RC Sinjoanu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sinjoanu RC, et al. (2008) The novel calpain inhibitor A-705253 potently inhibits oligomeric beta-amyloid-induced dynamin 1 and tau cleavage in hippocampal neurons. Neurochem. Intl. 53:79\u201388.","journal-title":"Neurochem. Intl."},{"key":"1707676_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-002-0528-6","volume":"104","author":"E Adamec","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adamec E, Mohan P, Vonsattel JP, Nixon RA. (2002) Calpain activation in neurodegenerative diseases: confocal immunofluorescence study with antibodies specifically recognizing the active form of calpain 2. Acta. Neuropathol. 104:92\u2013104.","journal-title":"Acta. Neuropathol."},{"key":"1707676_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(01)00126-7","volume":"40","author":"DS Albers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Albers DS, Beal MF. (2002) Mitochondrial dysfunction in progressive supranuclear palsy. Neurochem. Int. 40:559\u201364.","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"1707676_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn960","volume":"3","author":"FM LaFerla","year":"2002","unstructured":"LaFerla FM. (2002) Calcium dyshomeostasis and intracellular signaling in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3:862\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.02020.x","volume":"87","author":"K Furokawa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Furokawa K, et al. (2003) Alteration in calcium channel properties is responsible for the neurotoxic action of a familial frontotemporal dementia tau mutation. J. Neurochem. 87:427\u201336.","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:6:1:053","volume":"6","author":"CW Xie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xie CW. (2004) Calcium-regulated signaling pathways: role in amyloid beta-induced synaptic dysfunction. Neuromol. Med. 6:53\u201364.","journal-title":"Neuromol. Med."},{"key":"1707676_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809","volume":"82","author":"H Braak","year":"1991","unstructured":"Braak H, Braak E. (1991) Neuropathological staging of Alzheimer-related changes. Acta. Neuropathol. 82:239\u201359.","journal-title":"Acta. Neuropathol."},{"key":"1707676_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","volume":"227","author":"UK Laemmli","year":"1970","unstructured":"Laemmli UK. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 227:680\u201385.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1707676_CR19","first-page":"251","volume-title":"Culturing Nerve Cells","author":"K Goslin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Goslin K, Banker GA. (1991) Rat hippocampal neurons in low-density culture. In: Culturing Nerve Cells. Banker G, Goslin K (eds). MIT Press, Cambridge, pp. 251\u201383."},{"key":"1707676_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1997.0615","volume":"9","author":"A Ferreira","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ferreira A, Lu Q, Orecchio L, Kosik KS. (1997) Selective phosphorylation of adult tau isoforms in mature hippocampal neurons exposed to fibrillar A beta. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 9:220\u201334.","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.1.514","volume":"76","author":"JE Bottenstein","year":"1979","unstructured":"Bottenstein JE, Sato GH. (1979) Growth of a rat neuroblastoma cell line in serum-free supplemented medium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 76:514\u201317.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0740125.x","volume":"74","author":"M Rapoport","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rapoport M, Ferreira A. (2000) PD98059 prevents neurite degeneration induced by fibrillar beta amyloid in mature hippocampal neurons. J. Neurochem. 74:125\u201333.","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6364","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.092136199","volume":"99","author":"M Rapoport","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rapoport M, Dawson HN, Binder LI, Vitek MP, Ferreira A. (2002) Tau is essential to beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99:6364\u201369.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350","volume":"76","author":"H Towbin","year":"1979","unstructured":"Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J. (1979) Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 76:4350\u201354.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1998.2571","volume":"258","author":"AF Yakunin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yakunin AF, Hallenbeck PC. (1998) A luminol\/iodophenol chemiluminescent detection system for Western immunoblots. Anal. Biochem. 258:146\u201349.","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","author":"OH Lowry","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265\u201375.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1707676_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2697(76)80064-4","volume":"70","author":"A Bensadoun","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bensadoun A, Weinstein D. (1976) Assay of proteins in the presence of interfering materials. Anal. Biochem. 70:241\u201350.","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8838","DOI":"10.1021\/bi700403a","volume":"46","author":"SW Carlson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carlson SW, et al. Carlson SW, et al. (2007) A complex mechanism for inducer mediated tau polymerization. Biochem. 46:8838\u201349.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5862","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0500123","volume":"44","author":"CN Chirita","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chirita CN, Congdon EE, Yin H, Kuret J. (2005) Triggers of full-length tau aggregation: a role for partially folded intermediates. Biochem. 44:5862\u201372.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0272510","volume":"42","author":"TC Gamblin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gamblin TC, Berry RW, Binder LI. (2003b) Tau polymerization: role of the amino terminus. Biochem. 42: 2252\u201357.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28079","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M605081200","volume":"281","author":"B Kelly","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kelly B, Ferreira A. (2006) Beta-amyloid-induced dynamin 1 degradation is mediated by NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons. J. Biol. Chem. 281:28079\u201389.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1707676_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-005-5097-0","volume":"62","author":"A Czogalla","year":"2005","unstructured":"Czogalla A, Sikorski AF. (2005) Spectrin and calpain: a \u2018target\u2019 and a \u2018sniper\u2019 in the pathology of neuronal cells. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62:1913\u201324.","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"1707676_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14851","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9911839","volume":"38","author":"ME King","year":"1999","unstructured":"King ME, Ahuja V, Binder LI, Kuret J. (1999) Lig- and-dependent tau filament formation: implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression. Biochem. 38:14851\u201359.","journal-title":"Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)09020-5","volume":"309","author":"H LeVine","year":"1999","unstructured":"LeVine H. (1999) Quantification of beta-sheet amyloid fibril structures with thioflavin T. Methods Enzymol. 309:274\u201384.","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"1707676_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9307","volume":"9","author":"I Santa-Maria","year":"2006","unstructured":"Santa-Maria I, Perez M, Hernandez F, Avila J, Moreno FJ. (2006) Characteristics of the binding of thioflavin S to tau paired helical filaments. J. Alz. Dis. 9:279\u201385.","journal-title":"J. Alz. Dis."},{"key":"1707676_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.009_1.x","volume":"233","author":"LS Yang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yang LS. Ksiezak-Reding H. (1995) Calpain-induced proteolysis of normal human tau and tau associated with paired helical filaments. Eur. J. Biochem. 233:9\u201317.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1997.69041548.x","volume":"69","author":"LS Yang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yang LS, Gordon-Krajcer W, Ksiezak-Reding H. (1997) Tau released from paired helical filaments with formic acid or guanidine is susceptible to calpain-mediated proteolysis. J. Neurochem. 69:1548\u201358.","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05204.x","volume":"11","author":"J Biernat","year":"1992","unstructured":"Biernat J., et al. (1992) The switch of tau protein to an Alzheimer-like state includes the phosphorylation of two serine-proline motifs upstream of the microtubule-binding region. EMBO J. 11:1593\u201397.","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"1707676_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90279-Z","volume":"11","author":"J Biernat","year":"1993","unstructured":"Biernat J, Gustke N, Drewes G, Mandelkow E-M, Mandelkow E. (1993) Phosphorylation of Ser262 strongly reduces binding of tau to microtubules: distinction between PHF-like immunoreactivity and microtubule binding. Neuron. 11:153\u201363.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1707676_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90057-X","volume":"10","author":"GT Bramblett","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bramblett GT, et al. (1993) Abnormal tau phosphorylation at Ser 396 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease recapitulates development and contributes to reduce microtubule binding. Neuron. 10:1089\u201399.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1707676_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1993.tb07444.x","volume":"61","author":"JP Brion","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brion JP, Smith C, Couck AM, Gallo JM, Anderton BH. (1993) Developmental changes in tau phosphorylation: foetal tau is transiently phosphorylated in a manner similar to paired helical filament tau characteristics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J. Neurochem. 61:2071\u201380.","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"1707676_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05272.x","volume":"6","author":"G Drewes","year":"1992","unstructured":"Drewes G, et al. (1992) Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase transforms tau protein into an Alzheimer-like state. EMBO J. 6:2131\u201338.","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"1707676_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80208-1","volume":"89","author":"G Drewes","year":"1997","unstructured":"Drewes G, Ebneth A, Preusss U, Mandelkow E-M, Mandelkow E. (1997) MARK a novel family of protein kinases that phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins and trigger microtubule disruption. Cell. 89:297\u201308.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1707676_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(89)90210-9","volume":"3","author":"M Goedert","year":"1989","unstructured":"Goedert M, Spillatine MG, Jakes R, Rutherford D, Crowther RA. (1989) Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuron. 3:519\u201326.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1707676_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)81418-L","volume":"312","author":"M Goedert","year":"1992","unstructured":"Goedert M, Cohen ES, Jakes R, Cohen P. (1992) p42 MAP kinase phosphorylation sites in microtubule-associated protein tau are dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A1. Implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. FEBS Lett. 312:95\u201399.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"1707676_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grunke-Iqbal I, et al. microtubule-associated protein t (tau) in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83:4913\u201317.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.13.4913"},{"key":"1707676_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4044","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.11.4044","volume":"83","author":"KS Kosik","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kosik KS, Joachim CL, Selkoe DJ. (1986) Micro-tubule-associated protein tau (tau) is a major antigenic component of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83:4044\u201348.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7789","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.16.7789","volume":"90","author":"A Takashima","year":"1993","unstructured":"Takashima A, Noguchi K, Sato K, Hoshimo T, Imahori K. (1993) Tau protein kinase I is essential for \u03b2-protein induced neurotoxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 90:7789\u201393.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80849-P","volume":"36","author":"K Bauman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bauman K, Mandelkow E-M, Biernat J, Piwnica-Worms H, Mandelkow E. (1993) Abnormal Alzheimer\u2019s like phosphorylation of tau protein by cyclin-dependent cdk2 and cdk5. FEBS Lett. 36:417\u201324.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"1707676_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90232-5","volume":"14","author":"J Busciglio","year":"1995","unstructured":"Busciglio J, Lorenzo A, Yeh J, Yankner BA. (1995) \u03b2e-Amyloid fibrils induce tau phosphorylation and loss of microtubule binding. Neuron. 14:879\u201388.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1707676_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90774-2","volume":"147","author":"DP Hanger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hanger DP, Hughes K, Woodgett JR, Brion JP, Anderton BH. (1992) Glycogen synthase kinase-3 induces Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like phosphorylation of tau: generation of paired helical filament epitopes and neuronal localisation of the kinase. Neurosci. Lett. 147:58\u201362.","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"1707676_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)81496-9","volume":"314","author":"E-M Mandelkow","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mandelkow E-M, et al. (1992) Glycogen synthase kinase-3 and the Alzheimer-like state of microtubule-associated protein tau. FEBS Lett. 314:315\u201321.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"1707676_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54716","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403364200","volume":"279","author":"JH Cho","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cho JH, Johnson GV. (2004) Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta induces caspase-cleaved tau aggregation in situ. J Biol. Chem. 279:54716\u201323.","journal-title":"J Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"1707676_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"re1","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.114re1","volume":"1","author":"J. Liu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Liu J, Liu MC, Kevin K, Wang W. (2008) Calpain in the CNS: from synaptic function to neurotoxicity. Sci. Signal. 1: re1 DOI 10.1126\/stke.114re1.","journal-title":"Science Signaling"},{"key":"1707676_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.7.2628","volume":"90","author":"K-I Saito","year":"1993","unstructured":"Saito K-I, Elce JS, Hamos JE, Nixon RA. (1993) Widespread activation of calcium-activated neutral proteinase (calpain) in the brain of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A potential molecular basis for neuronal degeneration. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 90:2628\u201332.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707676_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1038\/35012636","volume":"405","author":"MS Lee","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lee MS, et al. (2000) Neurotoxicity induces cleavage of p35 to p25 by calpain. Nature. 405:360\u201364.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1707676_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704179","volume":"133","author":"A Law","year":"2001","unstructured":"Law A, Gauthier S, Quirion R. (2001) Neuroprotective and neurorescuing effects of isoform-specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, nitric oxide scavenger, and antioxidant against beta-amyloid toxicity. Br. J. Pharmacol. 133:1114\u201324.","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"1707676_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2007.04.004","volume":"51","author":"T Vaisid","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vaisid T, Kosower NS, Katzav A, Chapman J, Barnoy S. (2007) Calpastatin levels affect calpain activation and calpain proteolytic activity in APP transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurochem. Intl. 51:391\u201397.","journal-title":"Neurochem. Intl."},{"key":"1707676_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.6.2499-2512.2004","volume":"24","author":"A Glading","year":"2004","unstructured":"Glading A, et al. (2004) Epidermal growth factor activates m-calpain (calpain II), at least in part, by extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated phosphorylation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:2499\u20132512.","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"1707676_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5120-09.2010","volume":"30","author":"S Zadran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zadran S, Jourdi H, Rostamiani K, Qin Q, Bi X, Baudry M. (2010) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor activated neuronal m-calpain via mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation. J. Neurosci. 30:1086\u20131095.","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-010-8145-1","volume":"42","author":"S Zadran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zadran S, Bi X, Baudry M. (2010) Regulation of calpain-2 in neurons: Implications for synaptic plasticity. Mol. Neurobiol. 42:143\u2013150.","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"1707676_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.154138","volume":"286","author":"A Nicholson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nicholson A, Riherd-Methner DN, Ferreira A (2011) Membrane cholesterol modulates beta-amyloid-dependent tau cleavage by inducing changes in the membrane content and localization of NMDA receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 286:976\u2013986.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1707676_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00029.2002","volume":"83","author":"DE Goll","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goll DE, Thompson VF, Li H, Wei W, Cong J. (2003) The calpain system. Physiol. Rev. 83:731\u201301.","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"1707676_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12241","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4119-08.2008","volume":"28","author":"MV Rao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rao MV, et al. (2008) Marked calpastatin (CAST) depletion in Alzheimer\u2019s disease accelerates cytoskeleton disruption and neurodegeneration: neuroprotection by CAST overexpression. J. Neurosci. 28:12241\u201354.","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707676_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.09.008","volume":"32","author":"S Garg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garg S, Timm T, Mandelkow E-M, Mandelkow E, Wang Y. (2011) Cleavage of tau by calpain in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the quest for the toxic 17 kD fragment. Neurobiol. Aging. 32:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"}],"container-title":["Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.crossref.org\/molmed.2010.00220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.2119\/molmed.2010.00220.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T04:14:24Z","timestamp":1638245664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.2119\/molmed.2010.00220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,21]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1707676"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2119\/molmed.2010.00220","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-1551","1528-3658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-1551","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-3658","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,21]]}}}