{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T07:12:41Z","timestamp":1788246761492,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2011.00083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,10]],"date-time":"2011-08-10T15:46:04Z","timestamp":1312991164000},"page":"599-606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Galantamine Alleviates Inflammation and Other Obesity-Associated Complications in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sanjaya K","family":"Satapathy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahendar","family":"Ochani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Dancho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LaQueta K","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Rosas-Ballina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio I","family":"Valdes-Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peder S","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael Tobi","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Chavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin J","family":"Tracey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin A","family":"Pavlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1707599_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.052","volume":"132","author":"CL Ogden","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ogden CL, Yanovski SZ, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. (2007) The epidemiology of obesity. Gastroenterology. 132: 2087\u2013102.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1707599_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665107005320","volume":"66","author":"RH Eckel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eckel RH. (2007) Mechanisms of the components of the metabolic syndrome that predispose to diabetes and atherosclerotic CVD. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 66: 82\u201395.","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"1707599_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0024","volume":"29","author":"MA Cornier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cornier MA, et al. (2008) The metabolic syndrome. Endocr. Rev. 29: 777\u2013822.","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"1707599_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.11.2745","volume":"28","author":"ES Ford","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ford ES. (2005) Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by the International Diabetes Federation among adults in the U.S. Diabetes Care. 28:2745\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1707599_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.151092","volume":"28","author":"SM Grundy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grundy SM. (2008) Metabolic syndrome pandemic. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28: 629\u201336.","journal-title":"Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"1707599_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.516948","volume":"112","author":"JM Dekker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dekker JM, et al. (2005) Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Hoorn Study. Circulation. 112: 666\u201373.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707599_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3282fbccf2","volume":"24","author":"V Greenfield","year":"2008","unstructured":"Greenfield V, Cheung O, Sanyal AJ. (2008) Recent advances in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 24: 320\u20137.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"1707599_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2010.08.003","volume":"21","author":"SK Satapathy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Satapathy SK, Sanyal AJ. (2010) Novel treatment modalities for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 21: 668\u201375.","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"1707599_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.059","volume":"132","author":"SE Shoelson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shoelson SE, Herrero L, Naaz A. (2007) Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Gastroenterology. 132: 2169\u201380.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1707599_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021909-135846","volume":"72","author":"JM Olefsky","year":"2010","unstructured":"Olefsky JM, Glass CK. (2010) Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 72: 219\u201346.","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"1707599_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2004.2.82","volume":"2","author":"JP Sutherland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sutherland JP, McKinley B, Eckel RH. (2004) The metabolic syndrome and inflammation. Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord. 2: 82\u2013104.","journal-title":"Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"1707599_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.1.42","volume":"102","author":"A Festa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Festa A, et al. (2000) Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Circulation. 102: 42\u20137.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707599_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.06.011","volume":"23","author":"VA Pavlov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pavlov VA, et al. (2009) Brain acetylcholinesterase activity controls systemic cytokine levels through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Brain Behav. Immun. 23: 41\u20135.","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"1707599_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01321","volume":"420","author":"KJ Tracey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tracey KJ. (2002) The inflammatory reflex. Nature. 420: 853\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1707599_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03402177","volume":"9","author":"VA Pavlov","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pavlov VA, Wang H, Czura CJ, Friedman SG, Tracey KJ. (2003) The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a missing link in neuroimmunomodulation. Mol. Med. 9: 125\u201334.","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"1707599_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.03.015","volume":"19","author":"VA Pavlov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pavlov VA, Tracey KJ. (2005) The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Brain Behav. Immun. 19: 493\u20139.","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"1707599_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5219","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0600506103","volume":"103","author":"VA Pavlov","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pavlov VA, et al. (2006) Central muscarinic cholinergic regulation of the systemic inflammatory response during endotoxemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103: 5219\u201323.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707599_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30555","volume":"117","author":"KJ Tracey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tracey KJ. (2007) Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway. J. Clin. Invest. 117: 289\u201396.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1707599_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2119\/2008-00079.Parrish","volume":"14","author":"WR Parrish","year":"2008","unstructured":"Parrish WR, et al. (2008) Modulation of TNF release by choline requires alpha7 subunit nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated signaling. Mol. Med. 14: 567\u201374.","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"1707599_CR20","first-page":"203","volume":"1","author":"VA Pavlov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pavlov VA. (2008) Cholinergic modulation of inflammation. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 1: 203\u201312.","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"1707599_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2566","volume":"9","author":"KJ Tracey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tracey KJ. (2009) Reflex control of immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9: 418\u201328.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"1707599_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.07.005","volume":"375","author":"B Mlinar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mlinar B, Marc J, Janez A, Pfeifer M. (2007) Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and associated diseases. Clin. Chim. Acta. 375: 20\u201335.","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta."},{"key":"1707599_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50048","volume":"37","author":"Z Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li Z, et al. (2003) Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 37: 343\u201350.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1707599_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1937","volume":"6","author":"H Tilg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tilg H, Moschen AR. (2006) Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 6: 772\u201383.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"1707599_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5368.1371","volume":"280","author":"JO Hill","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hill JO, Peters JC. (1998) Environmental contributions to the obesity epidemic. Science. 280: 1371\u20134.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1707599_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90123-X","volume":"44","author":"RS Surwit","year":"1995","unstructured":"Surwit RS, et al. (1995) Differential effects of fat and sucrose on the development of obesity and diabetes in C57BL\/6J and A\/J mice. Metabolism. 44: 645\u201351.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"Suppl3","key":"1707599_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S215","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.suppl_3.S215","volume":"53","author":"MS Winzell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Winzell MS, Ahren B. (2004) The high-fat diet-fed mouse: a model for studying mechanisms and treatment of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 53 Suppl 3:S215\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"1707599_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2004.02.006","volume":"81","author":"S Collins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Collins S, Martin TL, Surwit RS, Robidoux J. (2004) Genetic vulnerability to diet-induced obesity in the C57BL\/6J mouse: physiological and molecular characteristics. Physiol. Behav. 81: 243\u20138.","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"1707599_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.9.1677","volume":"138","author":"M Bose","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bose M, et al. (2008) The major green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, inhibits obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease in high-fat-fed mice. J. Nutr. 138: 1677\u201383.","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"1707599_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1164","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00054.2009","volume":"296","author":"VJ Vieira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vieira VJ, et al. (2009) Effects of exercise and low-fat diet on adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic complications in obese mice. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 296: E1164\u201371.","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"1707599_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12432","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192442999","volume":"99","author":"S Capsoni","year":"2002","unstructured":"Capsoni S, Giannotta S, Cattaneo A. (2002) Nerve growth factor and galantamine ameliorate early signs of neurodegeneration in anti-nerve growth factor mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99: 12432\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"1707599_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.06.009","volume":"47","author":"MM Svedberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Svedberg MM, Bednar I, Nordberg A. (2004) Effect of subchronic galantamine treatment on neuronal nicotinic and muscarinic receptor subtypes in transgenic mice overexpressing human acetylcholinesterase. Neuropharmacology. 47: 558\u201371.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"1707599_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.02.081","volume":"1085","author":"K Jin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jin K, Xie L, Mao XO, Greenberg DA. (2006) Alzheimer\u2019s disease drugs promote neurogenesis. Brain Res. 1085: 183\u20138.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"1707599_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.10.020","volume":"448","author":"JE Park","year":"2008","unstructured":"Park JE, Lee ST, Im WS, Chu K, Kim M. (2008) Galantamine reduces striatal degeneration in 3-nitropropionic acid model of Huntington\u2019s disease. Neurosci. Lett. 448: 143\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"1707599_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11133","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3638-05.2005","volume":"25","author":"YH Jo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jo YH, Wiedl D, Role LW. (2005) Cholinergic modulation of appetite-related synapses in mouse lateral hypothalamic slice. J. Neurosci. 25: 11133\u201344.","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707599_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10147","volume":"53","author":"YH Jo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jo YH, Talmage DA, Role LW. (2002) Nicotinic receptor-mediated effects on appetite and food intake. J. Neurobiol. 53: 618\u201332.","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"1707599_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.154633","volume":"332","author":"MB Marrero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marrero MB, et al. (2010) An alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-selective agonist reduces weight gain and metabolic changes in a mouse model of diabetes. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 332: 173\u201380.","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"Suppl1","key":"1707599_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-200108001-00004","volume":"15","author":"EX Albuquerque","year":"2001","unstructured":"Albuquerque EX, Santos MD, Alkondon M, Pereira EF, Maelicke A. (2001) Modulation of nicotinic receptor activity in the central nervous system: a novel approach to the treatment of Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord. 15 Suppl 1:S19\u201325.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord."},{"key":"1707599_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23807","volume":"58","author":"JM Waldburger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Waldburger JM, et al. (2008) Spinal p38 MAP kinase regulates peripheral cholinergic outflow. Arthritis Rheum. 58: 2919\u201321.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"1707599_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215736","volume":"110","author":"F Kreier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kreier F, et al. (2002) Selective parasympathetic innervation of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat\u2014functional implications. J. Clin. Invest. 110: 1243\u201350.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1707599_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.02.023","volume":"115","author":"G Fantuzzi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fantuzzi G. (2005) Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 115: 911\u20139.","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"1707599_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26498","volume":"116","author":"H Kanda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kanda H, et al. (2006) MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity. J. Clin. Invest. 116: 1494\u2013505.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1707599_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20ps7","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3000850","volume":"2","author":"CN Lumeng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lumeng CN. (2010) Adipose tissue macrophages: a piece of the PAI of metabolic syndrome. Sci. Transl. Med. 2: 20ps7.","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"1707599_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.21","volume":"7","author":"EM Brunt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunt EM. (2010) Pathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 7: 195\u2013203.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"1707599_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.4","volume":"34","author":"A Verrijken","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verrijken A, et al. (2010) Visceral adipose tissue and inflammation correlate with elevated liver tests in a cohort of overweight and obese patients. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 34: 899\u2013907.","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"key":"1707599_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.12.053","volume":"138","author":"CE Ruhl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. (2010) Trunk fat is associated with increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in the United States. Gastroenterology. 138:1346\u201356, 1356.e1\u20133.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1707599_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.018","volume":"135","author":"W Goessling","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goessling W, et al. (2008) Aminotransferase levels and 20-year risk of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Gastroenterology. 135:1935\u201344, 1944e.1.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1707599_CR48","first-page":"E587","volume":"271","author":"H Xie","year":"1996","unstructured":"Xie H, Lautt WW. (1996) Insulin resistance caused by hepatic cholinergic interruption and reversed by acetylcholine administration. Am. J. Physiol. 271: E587\u201392.","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"1707599_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(01)00390-3","volume":"95","author":"MG Latour","year":"2002","unstructured":"Latour MG, Lautt WW. (2002) The hepatic vagus nerve in the control of insulin sensitivity in the rat. Auton. Neurosci. 95: 125\u201330.","journal-title":"Auton. Neurosci."},{"key":"1707599_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607108321705","volume":"32","author":"KL Teff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teff KL. (2008) Visceral nerves: vagal and sympathetic innervation. JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral. Nutr. 32: 569\u201371.","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral. Nutr."},{"key":"1707599_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21913","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.087338","volume":"285","author":"CK Lam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lam CK, et al. (2010) Activation of NMDA receptors in the dorsal vagal complex lowers glucose production. J. Biol. Chem. 285: 21913\u201321.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1707599_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2004.11.001","volume":"1","author":"A Pocai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pocai A, Obici S, Schwartz GJ, Rossetti L. (2005) A brain-liver circuit regulates glucose homeostasis. Cell Metab. 1: 53\u201361.","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"1707599_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03439","volume":"434","author":"A Pocai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pocai A, et al. (2005) Hypothalamic K(ATP) channels control hepatic glucose production. Nature. 434: 1026\u201331.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1707599_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4502","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0445","volume":"150","author":"J German","year":"2009","unstructured":"German J, et al. (2009) Hypothalamic leptin signaling regulates hepatic insulin sensitivity via a neurocircuit involving the vagus nerve. Endocrinology. 150: 4502\u201311.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"1707599_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1126\/science.9692","volume":"194","author":"T Shimazu","year":"1976","unstructured":"Shimazu T, Matsushita H, Ishikawa K. (1976) Cholinergic stimulation of the rat hypothalamus: effects of liver glycogen synthesis. Science. 194: 535\u20136.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1707599_CR56","first-page":"966","volume":"20","author":"WO Richter","year":"1996","unstructured":"Richter WO, Geiss HC, Aleksic S, Schwandt P. (1996) Cardiac autonomic nerve function and insulin sensitivity in obese subjects. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 20: 966\u20139.","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"1707599_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00066-1","volume":"83","author":"K Karason","year":"1999","unstructured":"Karason K, Molgaard H, Wikstrand J, Sjostrom L. (1999) Heart rate variability in obesity and the effect of weight loss. Am. J. Cardiol. 83: 1242\u20137.","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"1707599_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.18.2237","volume":"292","author":"K Yaffe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yaffe K, et al. (2004) The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA. 292: 2237\u201342.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1707599_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2015","volume":"7","author":"VH Perry","year":"2007","unstructured":"Perry VH, Cunningham C, Holmes C. (2007) Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 7: 161\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"1707599_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b6bb95","volume":"73","author":"C Holmes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holmes C, et al. (2009) Systemic inflammation and disease progression in Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 73: 768\u201374.","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.crossref.org\/molmed.2011.00083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.2119\/molmed.2011.00083.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T04:47:54Z","timestamp":1554526074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.2119\/molmed.2011.00083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1707599"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2119\/molmed.2011.00083","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-1551","1528-3658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-1551","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-3658","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}}}