{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"Research Square"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T06:30:12Z","timestamp":1747204212648,"version":"3.40.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"group-title":"In Review","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"abstract":"<title>Abstract<\/title>\n        <p>Ungulate herbivore populations are increasing across Europe with important implications for forest plant communities. Concurrently, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition continues to eutrophy forests, threatening many rare plant species. These pressures may critically interact to shape biodiversity as in grassland and tundra systems, yet any potential interactions in forests remain poorly understood. Here we combined vegetation resurveys from 52 sites in 13 European countries to test how changes in ungulate herbivory and eutrophication drive long-term changes in forest understorey communities. Changes in herbivory increased temporal species turnover, however, identities of winner and loser species depended strongly on N levels. Under low level N-deposition, herbivory favored threatened and small-ranged species, while reducing non-native and nutrient-demanding species. Yet all these trends were reversed under high levels of N-deposition. Herbivores also reduced shrub cover, likely exacerbating N effects by increasing light levels in the understorey. Eutrophication levels may therefore determine whether herbivory acts as a global change catalyst for the \u201cN time bomb\u201d, or as a conservation tool in forests.<\/p>","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1734710\/v1","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T18:07:52Z","timestamp":1656007672000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Divergent roles of herbivory in eutrophying forests"],"prefix":"10.21203","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9481-7211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josiane","family":"Segar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1043-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Halle-Wittenberg"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4262-9221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lander","family":"Baeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2740-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Bernhardt-R\u00f6mermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8613-0943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieter","family":"De Frenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9645-8571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e9stor","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Gilliam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of West Florida"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0638-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Lenoir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS"}]},{"given":"Adrienne","family":"Ortmann-Ajkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of P\u00e9cs"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Verheyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5377-3929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Teleki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of P\u00e9cs, Institute for Regional Development, R\u00e1k\u00f3czi str. 1, H-7100, Szeksz\u00e1rd, Hungary and University of Debrecen, Department of Ecology, Egyetem sqr. 1,H-403"}]},{"given":"Imre","family":"Berki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sopron, Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky str. 4., H-9400, Sopron"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Brunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SLU"}]},{"given":"Mark\u00e9ta","family":"Chudomelov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Decocq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8294-0690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Dirnb\u00f6ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment Agency Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6040-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radim","family":"H\u00e9dl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1681-5971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thilo","family":"Heinken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Potsdam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2042-8245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Jaroszewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1018-9316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Kopeck\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Macek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Botany"}]},{"given":"Franti\u0161ek","family":"M\u00e1li\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 01 Zvolen"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Naaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Orczewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Silesia"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Reczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5356-4684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"\u0160ebesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendel University in Brno"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Stachurska-Swako\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagiellonian University in Krak\u00f3w"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4686-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"Standov\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"\u015awierkosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw"}]},{"given":"Ond\u0159ej","family":"Vild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidick\u00e1 25\/27, CZ-602 00, Brno"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Wulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ingmar","family":"Staude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leipzig University"}]}],"member":"297","container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-1734710\/v1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-1734710\/v1.html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T08:09:18Z","timestamp":1671782958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-1734710\/v1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1734710\/v1","relation":{"is-preprint-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35282-6","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}