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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Weight Loss Maintenance 3 Phases Program (WLM3P) in achieving a clinically significant long-term WL (\u22655% initial WL at 18 months) in adults with obesity compared to a standard low-carbohydrate diet (LCD).\n<bold>Subjects\/Methods:<\/bold>\nIn this two-phase trial, 112 participants targeting initial WL (0-6 months) and subsequent maintenance (7-18 months) were randomly assigned to either WLM3P or LCD groups.\n<bold>Results:<\/bold> Of 112 randomized participants, 69% (n=77) completed the study. At 18 months, WL in the WLM3P group (n=40) was 15.5\u00b18.3% compared to 9.6\u00b18.5% in the LCD group (n=37) (p&lt;0.001). The odds ratio of achieving WL\u226510% and \u226515% were significantly higher in the WLM3P group at 18 months. Complete-case analysis revealed significantly greater improvements in BMI, body fat mass, visceral fat area, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, HDL, and triglyceride\/HDL ratio in WLM3P than in LCD. No serious adverse events were reported.\n<bold>Conclusion:<\/bold> Both programs were effective in promoting clinically relevant WL and its maintenance. However, the WLM3P program was more successful in helping participants achieve greater WL targets of \u226510% and \u226515%, along with other clinical benefits, after an 18-month intervention. Trial registration number: NCT04192357.<\/p>","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3838083\/v1","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T17:27:22Z","timestamp":1706635642000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Weight Loss Maintenance Program in Adults with Obesity: The WLM3P Study"],"prefix":"10.21203","author":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Medical School| Faculty of Medical Sciences; Nutrition Department Farmodi\u00e9tica|Farmodi\u00e9tica"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Mota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0521-9629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Castela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Calhau","family":"Calhau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Camila","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Moreira-Ros\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9327-2897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Silvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000497124","article-title":"The ABCD of Obesity: An EASO Position Statement on a Diagnostic Term with Clinical and Scientific Implications","volume":"12","author":"Fr\u00fchbeck G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fr\u00fchbeck, G.; Busetto, L.; Dicker, D.; Yumuk, V.; Goossens, G. 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