{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"Research Square"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T10:39:03Z","timestamp":1760524743481,"version":"3.41.2"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"group-title":"In Review","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"abstract":"<title>Abstract<\/title>\n        <p><bold>Objective:<\/bold> Individuals with ADHD often report wanting to act but stalling, producing brief bursts of effort, and disengaging when novelty fades. Symptom and executive models describe impairments but not the real-time mechanics of these effort swings. We evaluated a structural effort framework, Lagunian Dynamics, within the Cognitive Drive Architecture (CDA).\n<bold>Method:<\/bold> Six variables were derived: Primode (initiation), CAP (burst mobilization), Anchory (sustain span), Grain (transition cost), Flexion (novelty\/decay), and Slip (variability). Minute-level wearable actigraphy from the HYPERAKTIV archive (n=86; 51 ADHD, 35 comparison) and condition-level reaction times from the chil_reac2 dataset (n=30; 20 ADHD, 10 comparison) were processed with preregistered rules. Group contrasts used Welch tests and Hedges g; sensitivity and cross-dataset convergence were examined. Findings informed a Therapist Prompt Toolkit.\n<bold>Results:<\/bold> ADHD showed lower burst energy density (CAP; g = -0.53), larger post-context decline (Grain; g = -0.76), and steeper novelty\/decay (Flexion; g = -0.85) in HYPERAKTIV. Primode delays were heavy-tailed but nonsignificant on average (g = 0.27). Slip differences reflected unequal wear and attenuated after normalization. Anchory (gross sustainment) was similar overall but shorter in task-bound subsets. chil_reac2 effects for Grain and Flexion paralleled HYPERAKTIV; Slip trended higher in ADHD.\n<bold>Conclusions: <\/bold>ADHD can be viewed as structural effort dysregulation. Lagunian variables provide measurable levers linking intention, mobilization, sustainment, and variability. A brief toolkit (start cues, burst pacing, timed focus blocks, transition scaffolds, variability logs, novelty injectors) supports immediate clinical application.<\/p>","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7162397\/v1","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T03:55:50Z","timestamp":1753156550000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The ADHD Effort Paradox: Lagun\u2019s Law Models Structural Effort Regulation"],"prefix":"10.21203","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6372-4852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikesh","family":"Lagun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher"}]}],"member":"297","container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-7162397\/v1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-7162397\/v1.html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T03:55:56Z","timestamp":1753156556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-7162397\/v1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7162397\/v1","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}